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HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWER
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HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWER
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HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY EXAMQUESTIONS AND ANSWER
Health Psychology - Answer-The scientific study of psychological processes related to
health and healthcare.
What does health psychology study? - Answer--physiological reactions to stress
-experience of stress
-promotion and maintenance of health
-coping with pain and disease
-effects of pain and disease on physical functioning
-How sociocultural factors affect health behaviors and outcomes (race, ethnicity, SES)
Health Psychologist - Answer-study how biology, environment and behavior impact
health and illness.
Health - Answer-a state of complete physical, mental and social well being.
What led to the birth of health psychology? - Answer-1) the changing pattern of disease
2) rising costs of healthcare
3) social inequities
4) inadequacy of biomedical model
How has the pattern of disease changed over time? - Answer-- decrease in acute and
infectious disease
-increase in chronic illnesses, related to health habits and behaviors. ex: cardiovascular
disease, cancer, AIDS
-people are living longer with diseases -> psychological issues
The focus is now shifting towards prevention
Why have health care costs risen? - Answer--increase in life expectancy --> chronic
conditions
-technological advancements
Social inequities in health - Answer--health disparities
-gender, race/ethnicity, SES, age, education
Biomedical Model - Answer--health = absence of disease
-focuses on physical treatment for diseases
-dualism (mind and body not connected)
Germ theory - Answer-get rid of germs, restore health
, Why is the biomedical model ineffective now? - Answer--didn't explain how some people
got sick and others remained healthy
-infectious diseases were replaced by chronic diseases
-fails to take into account how psychological factors can influence development of and
recovery from illness and disease
Biopsychosocial model - Answer-views health and illness as the consequences of the
complex interplay between biological factors (genetics, physiology), psychological
factors (personality, cognition) and social factors (culture, community, family, media).
What made the Biopsychosocial model effective? - Answer--multi-cause, multi-effect
approach to health and illness
-facilitates interdisciplinary research and effective theories
-accounts for why some people get sick and others don't and resilence.
The Scientific Method - Answer-1. Specify a problem or hypothesis
2. Form an operational definition
3. collect data
4. analyze the data
5. draw conclusions/ form a theory
Types of research designs/studies: - Answer--correlational designs
-experimental
-quasi-experimental
Correlational Studies - Answer--identify factors related to disease
-degree of relationship between two variables
-descriptive research design
Limitation: doesn't determine causality
Experimental Designs: - Answer--to determine causality-compare at least 2 groups, an
experimental and control group
-involves MANIPULATION of the independent variable to see the effect on the
dependent variable
-random assignment
independent variable - Answer-the factor being studied
dependent variable - Answer-the measured outcome of the experiment
Weaknesses of experiments - Answer--artificial settings (can influence behavior)
-ethics
Quasi-experimental designs - Answer-used because it is not ethical to manipulate
certain variables in an experiment (ex: sunscreen)
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