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UNCW BIO 201 EXAM 2
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Exam of 8 pages for the course UNCW BIO 201 at UNCW BIO 201 (UNCW BIO 201 EXAM 2)
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UNCW BIO 201 EXAM 2Amphipathic Macromolecules
Both hydrophilic and hyrdrophobic
Examples of Amphipathic Macromolecules
1. Phospholipids
2. Proteins in a membrane
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Membrane Characteristics
A. Membranes form spontaneously
B. Membrane structure is tightly controlled by cells.
We call the resulting structure a fluid mosaic.
1. 2 semifluid leaflets of lipids
2. 2 classes of proteins with numerous functions
3. Carbohydrates face the outside of the cell
C. Membrane "mosaic" structure enables
membrane function, and membrane have a
lot of functions to perform!
Hydrophobic Interactions
cage-like structure of water
forms around hydrophobe
Step 1 of membrane fluidity
Step 1. Hydrophobic exclusion pushes fatty acids tails of phospholipids together
Step 2 of membrane fluidity
H-bonds and
hydration spheres form
between water & the
hydrophilic heads.
Step 3 of membrane fluidity
, van der Waals
interactions among the
hydrophobic portions of
molecules determines
membrane fluidity.
Relationship between fluidity and Van der Waals forces
More van der Waals
equals less fluidity.
Leaflet
one half
(layer) of the
phospholipid bilayer
Van der Waals purpose in the cell membrane
Hydrophobic portions
of membrane (tails of phospholipids)
molecules interact with
each other by van der
Waals forces. These
temporary bonds make
the membrane "fluid".
Two types of movement in one Leaflet
1. Laateral (side to side)
2. Rotational (Spin in a circle)
Protein required to move Phospholipids
Flippase
How Flippase works
Hides hydrophilic head and moves it laterally or rotationally
Unsaturated fats of phospholipid tails
Resist Solidification of the membrane a colder temperatures
(Essentially reduce Van der Waals)
Saturated lipids in membrane
More Van der Waals
Unsaturated lipids in membrane
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