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CPACC Exam Questions and Answers
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CPACC Exam 2024-2025 Questions andAnswers
How common are disabilities? - Answers -~1 in every 5 people (about 20%) has a
disability of some kind
Types of Disabilities - Answers -- Recognizable
- Hidden
- Temporary
- Age-Related
Print Disabilities - Answers -a disability that prevents an individual from gaining
information from printed material; requires the use of alternative methods to access the
material
Screen readers - Answers -Devices that many people with visual impairments use to
access the Web, which read aloud Web page text and descriptions that a user selects
ONLY if the content is accessible
Assistive Technologies - Answers -Software and devices used to maintain, increase, or
improve the functional capabilities of individuals with disabilities.
They do not completely compensate for the disability. People who create the
environments must create them with accessibility in mind in order for the assistive
technologies to be most effective.
Assistive Technology for Blindness - Answers -- Screen readers
- Refreshable Braille devices
Assistive Technology for Low Vision - Answers -- Screen enlargers
- Screen readers
Assistive Technology for Color Blindness - Answers -- Color enhancement overlays or
glasses
Assistive Technology for Deafness - Answers -- Captions
- Transcripts
Assistive Technology for Motor/Mobility Disabilities - Answers -- Head wand
- Mouth stick
- Alternative keyboards
,- Eye gaze tracking
- Voice Activation
Assistive Technology for Cognitive Disabilities - Answers -- Screen readers
- Screen overlays
- Augmentative communication aids
The Digital Accessibility Revolution - Answers -The Web Enables Unprecedented
Access to Information for the Blind
The Web Enables Unprecedented Access to Commerce for People with Mobility
Impairments
Which statements are true? (Select all that apply)
A. For people with disabilities, the Internet is an obstacle that cannot be overcome even
with assistive technology.
B. The term "assistive technology" applies only to computer use and Internet access.
C. The Internet is an important part of the solution for disability access.
D. Making a website accessible to people with disabilities makes it less accessible for
other users. - Answers -C. The Internet is an important part of the solution for disability
access.
Who uses assistive technology? (Select all that apply)
A. Only people who use handicapped entrances to buildings
B. People who wear glasses or contact lenses
C. People who wear hearing aids
D. People with motor disabilities - Answers -B. People who wear glasses or contact
lenses
C. People who wear hearing aids
D. People with motor disabilities
True or False: There are many forms of disabilities that are not obvious to an observer. -
Answers -True
Medical Model - Answers -Disability is viewed as a problem that is caused by medically-
diagnosed genetic disorders, disease, trauma, or other health conditions. Disability is
treated as a biological problem that diminishes quality of life and needs to be treated
with professional medical care.
The legal definition of disabilities often relies on the assumptions of the medical model.
Strengths of the Medical Model - Answers -Explicitly acknowledges that there is a
biological condition that places an individual at a disadvantage compared to the majority
of the population.
,A clearly-defined set of biological criteria helps medical professionals make important
treatment decisions and the government to decide who gets assistance.
Weaknesses of the Medical Model - Answers -Frequently criticized by disability
advocates.
- Overlooks the impact of the design decisions in our social environment
- Labels and stigmatizes the person as different and "less than" the rest of the
population
- People who do not fit within the clearly-defined definitions may be denied benefits that
they need
- Adds a level of inconvenient bureaucracy by having to "prove" your disability
repeatedly
Social Model - Answers -The social model points out that society creates disabling
conditions. To a large extent, "disability" is an avoidable condition caused by poor
design.
The social model doesn't deny that there is a biological or medical component to
disability. It merely points out that more inclusive designs can remove the barriers that
people with disabilities face in their everyday lives.
Strengths of the Social Model - Answers -Empowers people with disabilities by
removing the stigma often associated with physical impairments.
Empowers designers of physical and virtual environments to think broadly about
usability for all kinds of humans. Inclusive designs sometimes require more creative
thinking, but this can be a benefit, because the resulting designs are often better for
everyone, not just for people with disabilities.
Weaknesses of the Social Model - Answers -The social model can de-emphasize the
physical reality of a disability too much.
They argue that a person's disability can be an important part of one's identity, and it
shouldn't be minimized to the point that people are afraid to talk about it. Accepting and
"owning" one's disability can be very healthy from an emotional and psychological
perspective.
Functional Solutions Model - Answers -The functional solutions model takes a practical
approach to disability by identifying the functional impairments, or limitations, that are a
result of disability. The model then seeks out solutions for eradicating these limitations
through advancements in technology or methodology.
There is less of a focus on the social and political aspects of disability, but more focus
on applying innovation to overcoming the limitations of disability.
, Strengths of the Functional Solutions Model - Answers -Focuses on results that benefit
people with disabilities. It takes a real-world approach to finding solutions that work,
without getting hung up on theoretical or political questions. It instead puts energy into
ideas, technologies, and innovations that improve the lives of people with disabilities.
Weaknesses of the Functional Solutions Model - Answers -Sometimes innovative
solutions are not the most useful solution to broader problems, which may be a result of
the social and environmental barriers people with disabilities face.
If accessibility professionals are too focused on creating practical technological
solutions, they may miss opportunities to address the larger social context.
Sometimes addressing the larger social context works so well that it can make a
specific technological solution obsolete.
Social Identity or Cultural Affiliation Model - Answers -People with disabilities may
develop a sense of personal identity through consorting with others who share similar
life experiences based on their disability. Together, the group develops a sense of
culture based on these shared experiences.
Strengths of the Social Identity or Cultural Affiliation Model - Answers -Self-Acceptance
and Empowerment - can be an important part of one's emotional and psychological
well-being
Political Strength - easier to petition for political change as a group with a collective
voice
Weaknesses of the Social Identity or Cultural Affiliation Model - Answers -The social
identity model doesn't always serve as a useful basis for technical definitions of
disability, because groups of people with different types of disabilities—or even without
any disabilities—may consider themselves part of the same social group.
Strongly identifying with other people with disabilities may partly be a result of feeling
excluded from the rest of society.
Charity or Tragedy Model - Answers -The charity model treats disabilities as unfortunate
or tragic conditions worthy of special treatment. People without disabilities take pity on
those with disabilities and set up fundraisers, projects, assistance, and other
interventions to improve the condition of those with disabilities.
Strengths of the Charity or Tragedy Model - Answers -This model can create a sense of
empathy in those without disabilities and inspire them to genuinely assist people with
disabilities.
Weaknesses of the Charity or Tragedy Model - Answers -Many people with disabilities
find this approach offensive, even if the end result produces something that helps
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