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EAPS 117 Exam 1 Review Comprehensive Questions With Answers
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We now use radioactive decay to determine the age of geological materials. What is one feature of an ideal material for radiometric dating? - ️️No initial daughter isotope when the material formed We now use radioactive decay to determine the age of geological materials. Which of the following...

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  • November 10, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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EAPS 117 Exam 1
We now use radioactive decay to determine the age of geological materials. What
is one feature of an ideal material for radiometric dating? - ✔ ✔ No initial
daughter isotope when the material formed

We now use radioactive decay to determine the age of geological materials.
Which of the following is NOT a feature of an ideal material for radiometric
dating? - ✔ ✔ The material incorporated a large amount of parent isotope as
it formed

Daughter isotopes cannot easily move out of the material after radioactive decays
occur

*The material incorporated a large amount of daughter isotope as it formed

What are the three main types of rock? - ✔ ✔ Igneous, metamorphic,
sedimentary

What are the two most common elements in Earth's crust? - ✔ ✔ Silicon (Si)
and Oxygen (O)

What feature would not make a fossil useful for determining relative geologic
ages? - ✔ ✔ The species had a very small population

What is the key process that causes the ocean crust to be pulled into the Earth's
mantle? - ✔ ✔ Metamorphism transforms the basalt that forms ocean crust
into a rock that is more dense than the Earth's upper mantle. This transition pulls
oceanic crust downward as it sinks.

What is the most common class of mineral within the Earth's crust? Hint:
Remember the most common elements in the Earth's crust. - ✔ ✔ Silicate
Minerals

,What is the name for a mud flow that is composed of volcanic debris? - ✔ ✔
Lahar

What is the reason why faults tend to move intermittently (stick-slip behavior)
instead of continuously? - ✔ ✔ Friction

What magma property listed below would not lead to explosive volcanic
eruptions? - ✔ ✔ ***Low viscosity (flows with relative ease)



High viscosity (flows with difficulty)



High gas content

What process causes the Hawaiian islands to go from high volcanic mountains to
very low-lying, small islands over long periods of time? - ✔ ✔ Erosion

What process is constantly removing material from mountain ranges? Hint: Think
back to earlier in the course. - ✔ ✔ Weathering and Erosion

What process leads to partial melting of the Earth's mantle and the production of
large volumes of basaltic magma at mid-ocean ridges? - ✔ ✔ Melting
triggered by decompression as the Earth's mantle flows upward

When a continent is pulled into a subduction zone it will __________? - ✔ ✔
The continent will resist being pulled into the Earth's deep interior because it is
composed of rocks that are much less dense than the rocks that compose Earth's
mantle.

Which location would be the safest place to build a house on the Big Island of
Hawaii. Remember, this island has several active volcanoes that produce basaltic
lava flows? - ✔ ✔ On a ridge on a non-volcanically active part of the island

Which of the following areas has the smallest risk for a mass wasting (i.e.,
landslide/rock fall) event? - ✔ ✔ Flat Plain

, Which of the following areas is most at risk for the development of a debris flow?
- ✔ ✔ Mountainous



All of the following, except which answer choice, might indicate that magma is
moving beneath a volcano? - ✔ ✔ ***Several consecutive sunny days



Inflation of the volcano



Lot's of small

earthquakes



A change in the composition of gases emitted from the volcano

Chemical weathering is a major process during which rock is broken down
through chemical reactions and dissolved ions are incorporated into natural
waters. Which of the following parameters will lead to increased chemical
weathering if all other variables are kept the same? - ✔ ✔ Increasing surface
area

Clastic rocks are distinguished from crystalline rocks in that they are composed or
weathered bits of rock (clasts) that have been transported as sediment and
deposited in a location that is different from where their constituent rocks
formed. What is one feature of clastic rocks that you could use to distinguish
them? - ✔ ✔ Clastic rocks are typically composed of rounded clasts

Coal is a sedimentary rock composed of organic matter and frequently contains
plant fossils. Which of the following statements can we infer to be true about the
depositional environment in which coal formed? - ✔ ✔ Coal was originally
deposited in a biologically productive terrestrial ecosystem.

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