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Final Exam HIS-101 UNCG (Questions + Answers) Solved
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Iran-Iraq War () - ️️After Iran's 1979 Islamic (Shia) Revolution, Hussein resurrected disagreements with Iran over control of the Shatt-al-Arab waterway, and Iraq invaded Iran in 2980. The war initially went poorly for Iraq, but the other major Arab states did not want the radical Shia regim...

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  • November 12, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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Final Exam HIS-101 UNCG
Iran-Iraq War (1980-1988) - ✔️✔️After Iran's 1979 Islamic (Shia) Revolution, Hussein
resurrected disagreements with Iran over control of the Shatt-al-Arab waterway, and
Iraq invaded Iran in 2980. The war initially went poorly for Iraq, but the other major Arab
states did not want the radical Shia regime under Khomeini in Iran to win the war, nor
did the US. Kuwait and Saudi Arabia gave massive amounts of monetary aid to Iraq and
the US began sending secret (And illegal) arms shipments to Saddam Hussein. Iraq
regained lost territory, and a cease-fire agreement was signed ending the war in a
stalemate in 1988.

Israeli Independence (1948) - ✔️✔️Britain began withdrawing in 1947, leaving
Palestine in a civil war between Jews and Arabs; the UN proposed partitioning Palestine
into separate Jewish and Arab states, but the Arabs rejected the proposal. In Aptril
1948, a Jewish terrorist group (Irgun) attacked the Arab village Deir Yassin, killing 100-
200 Arabs; as a result over 300,000 Arabs fled their homes by mid-May. In May 1948,
Jewish leaders declared independence in territory they controlled.

White Revolution - ✔️✔️The Shah began this reform policy in 1963 at the instigation of
US advisers; the aim was to build up industry, liberate women, establish civil law codes,
and carry out land reform. However, land reform consolidated land holdings and
displaced peasants, many of whom moved to cities in the late 1960s and 70s. The
White Revolution increased disparities between rich and poor in Iran, thereby
undermining social stability.

Ayatollah Khomeini - ✔️✔️Shiite religious leader of Iran, led the 1979 Islamic
Revolution in Iran and ordered the invasion of the US Embassy. "Ayatollah," a title
reserved for a small group of ulama (Islamic Clerics) who are the most admired and
respected among Shia Muslims for their learning and integrity, means "the miraculous
sign of God"-Ayatollah Khomeini


Iran's Islamic Revolution - ✔️✔️In 1978 Iran experienced street battles between
militant youth and the Shah's armed fores; unable to quell the protests, the Shah fled
the country in January 1979, bringing the Ayatollah Khomeini to power.

"Operation Ajax" - ✔️✔️A CIA-engineered coup in 1953 ousted Mossadeq and
strengthened the Shah's power.

Roots of the 1st Gulf War (1990-1991) - ✔️✔️Hussein hoped to rebuild Iraq's war-torn
economy by convincing OPEC (Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries) to lower
production and raise prices, but Saudi Arabia and Kuwait rejected his 1990 proposals to
decrease oil production. During and after the Iran-Iraq war, the Kuwaits usd a special
slant-drilling technique to siphon from the Iraqi side of the Rumalia oil field. The UN set

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