AP Human Geography Unit 2 With Pictures
Explain the concept of **demographic transition** and its stages.
✔️✔️ The demographic transition model describes changes in a country’s population growth patterns
over time, usually in four or five stages. In Stage 1, both birth and death rates are high, leading to low
population growth. In Stage 2, death rates fall due to improved healthcare and sanitation, while birth
rates remain high, causing rapid population growth. Stage 3 sees a decline in birth rates due to social
changes, slowing growth. In Stage 4, both birth and death rates are low, stabilizing population growth.
Some countries reach Stage 5, where birth rates fall below death rates, leading to population decline.
Agricultural Population Density
Number of Farmers divided by the arable land
Arable Land
Land suitable for farming/agriculture
Physiological Population Density
Population of a region / arable (farmable) land
Arithmetic Population Density
Population of a region divided by total land area.
,Baby Boom
Temporary marked increase in the birth rate
Census
A complete count of of a population
Child Mortality Rate
Total number of child deaths per 1,000 live births
Crude Birth Rate
Total number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people in the society
Crude Death Rate
Total number of deaths per 1,000 people in a society
, Dependency Ratio
Number of people too young or too old to work compared to workers
More Developed Country (MDC)
Also known as a relatively developed country or a developed country, country that has progressed
further along the development continuum
Doubling Time
Number of years needed to double the population
Ecumeme
The areas of earth occupied by human settlement
Epidemiological Transition Model
Explain the concept of **demographic transition** and its stages.
✔️✔️ The demographic transition model describes changes in a country’s population growth patterns
over time, usually in four or five stages. In Stage 1, both birth and death rates are high, leading to low
population growth. In Stage 2, death rates fall due to improved healthcare and sanitation, while birth
rates remain high, causing rapid population growth. Stage 3 sees a decline in birth rates due to social
changes, slowing growth. In Stage 4, both birth and death rates are low, stabilizing population growth.
Some countries reach Stage 5, where birth rates fall below death rates, leading to population decline.
Agricultural Population Density
Number of Farmers divided by the arable land
Arable Land
Land suitable for farming/agriculture
Physiological Population Density
Population of a region / arable (farmable) land
Arithmetic Population Density
Population of a region divided by total land area.
,Baby Boom
Temporary marked increase in the birth rate
Census
A complete count of of a population
Child Mortality Rate
Total number of child deaths per 1,000 live births
Crude Birth Rate
Total number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people in the society
Crude Death Rate
Total number of deaths per 1,000 people in a society
, Dependency Ratio
Number of people too young or too old to work compared to workers
More Developed Country (MDC)
Also known as a relatively developed country or a developed country, country that has progressed
further along the development continuum
Doubling Time
Number of years needed to double the population
Ecumeme
The areas of earth occupied by human settlement
Epidemiological Transition Model
