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Psych 439 Exam 2 Prep with Questions and Answers
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Psych 439 Exam 2 Prep with Questions and Answers precursors to synapse ANSWER prokaryote receptors, scaffolding protein to anchor things to the membrane, cell to cell contact/adhesion presynaptic neuron ANSWER contains neurotransmitters, filled synaptic vesicles and machinery to release them ...

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  • November 15, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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Psych 439 Exam 2 Prep with Questions and
Answers
precursors to synapse ANSWER prokaryote receptors, scaffolding protein to anchor things to
the membrane, cell to cell contact/adhesion



presynaptic neuron ANSWER contains neurotransmitters, filled synaptic vesicles and
machinery to release them



postsynaptic neuron ANSWER neuron that receives the signal, 1 or more PSDs that are
opposite to the presynaptic active zone



Postsynaptic Density (PSD) ANSWER a region at the tip of the dendritic spine that is the site
of neurotransmitter receptors



3 stages of synapse maturation ANSWER 1. initial contact

2. assembly of synaptic machinery

3. stabilization of synapse



adhesive factors ANSWER start of a synapse, released from golgi apparatus for postsyn cell,
via adhesion molecules from the filipodia



Filipodia ANSWER a long, slender, tapering pseudopodium, as found in some protozoans
and in embryonic cells



NCAM ANSWER neural cell adhesion molecule, help grip surfaces, establish 1st adhesion

,cadherin ANSWER A calcium-dependent adherence protein, important in the adhesion of
cells to other cells, homophilic specificity, bidirectional signaling



bidirectional signaling ANSWER -Involves both anterograde signaling by the axon and
retrograde signaling by the dendrite.

-Important for the development of early neuronal circuits that mediate the most basic
functions of a given cortical area



beta-catenin ANSWER links the intracellular domain of the cadherin receptor to actin
filaments inside cell to anchor the synapse, in short supplies so only the strong get to use and
weak are pruned



cadherin-beta-catenin complex ANSWER needed for pruning of dendritic spines, helps to
stabilize cadherins to actin



changes with age ANSWER number of dendritic spines or cortical neurons



fragile x syndrome ANSWER ineffective synapses aren't pruned away, extended repeats
leads to extra scaffolding, overabundance of synapses and lack of competition



scaffolding protein ANSWER A type of large relay protein to which several other relay
proteins are simultaneously attached, increasing the efficiency of signal transduction.



snare complex ANSWER set of proteins that allow the vesicle to attach to the plasma
membrane



neurexin ANSWER presynaptic membrane, binds to neuroligin in the postsynaptic
membrane, promoting adhesion, and helps localize synaptic vesicles, docking proteins, and
fusion molecules, recruits scaffolding proteins to set up for exocytosis

, neuroligin ANSWER Postsynaptic binding partner of the presynaptic adhesion molecule
neurexin. Promotes the clustering of receptors and channels of the postsynaptic density as the
synapse matures.



myoblasts ANSWER stem cells that fuse to form each muscle fiber



myotubes ANSWER Fused myoblasts, whwere actin and myosin are organizing



aggregation of AChRs at muscle ANSWER growth cone attaches to myotubes to facilitate
maturation into muscle fibers, AChR concentrated at tops of junctional folds (by terminal)



basal lamina sheath ANSWER formed between the axon and muscle, layers of ECM



migrating muscle growth cone ANSWER already coming to target with its ability to release
ACh



agrin ANSWER released from growth cone, serves as an inductive factor at NMJ



agrin functions ANSWER 1. Growth cone contacts myotube

2. Neural agrin induces ACh receptors to cluster

3. Synaptic basal lamina forms



LRP4 and MuSK ANSWER the complex that agrin minds to, activates MUSK to
phosphorylate and promote clusturing and activate cytoplasmic rapsyn

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