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FULL TEST BANK For Understanding Pathophysiology 7th Edition by Sue E. Huether MS PhD latest Update Graded A+

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,Chapter 01: Cellular Biology


Multiple Choice

1. A Student Is Observing A Cell Under The Microscope. It Is Observed To Have
Supercoiled Dna With Histones. Which Of The Following Would Also Be Observed By
The Student?
a. A Single Circular Chromosome
b. A Nucleus
c. Free-Floating Nuclear Material
d. No Organelles

Ans: B
The Cell Described Is A Eukaryotic Cell, So It Has Histones And A Supercoiled Dna Within
Its Nucleus; Thus, The Nucleus Should Be Observed. A Single Circular Chromosome Called
A Prokaryote Contains Free-Floating Nuclear Material But Has No Organelles.

2. A Nurse Is Instructing The Staff About Cellular Functions. Which Cellular Function Is The
Nurse Describing When An Isolated Cell Absorbs Oxygen And Uses It To Transform
Nutrients To Energy?
a. Metabolic Absorption
b. Communication
c. Secretion
d. Respiration
Ans: D
The Cell’s Ability To Absorb Oxygen Is Referred To As Respiration While Its Communication
Ability Involves Maintenance Of A S t eadny Dynamic State, Metabolic Absorption Provides
Nutrition, And Secretion Allows For The Synthesizing Of New Substances.

3. A Eukaryotic Cell Is Undergoing Dna Replication. In Which Region Of The Cell Would
Most Of The Genetic Information Be Contained?
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Nucleus Cytoplasm

Ans: C
The Region Of The Cell That Contains Genetic Material, Including A Large Amount Of
Ribonucleic Acid, Most Of The Dna, And Dna-Binding Proteins, Is The Nucleolus, Which Is
Located Within The Cell’s Nucleus. Mitochondria Is Associated With Cellular Respiration
While Ribosomes Are Involved With Protein Manufacturing. Cytoplasm Is A Fluid Filling
That Is A Component Of The Cell.

4. Which Of The Following Can Remove Proteins Attached To The Cell’s Bilayer By
Dissolving The Layer Itself?
a. Peripheral Membrane Proteins
b. Integral Membrane Proteins
c. Glycoproteins
d. Cell Adhesion Molecules

, Ans: B
Proteins Directly Attached To The Membrane Bilayer Can Be Removed By The Action Of
Integral Membrane Proteins That Dissolve The Bilayer. Peripheral Membrane Proteins
Reside At The Surface While Cell Adhesion Molecules Are On The Outside Of The
Membrane. Glycoprotein Marks Cells And Does Not Float.

5. Which Of The Following Can Bind To Plasma Membrane Receptors?
a. Oxygen
b. Ribosomes
c. Amphipathic Lipids
d. Ligands

Ans: D
Ligands Are The Only Specific Molecules That Can Bind With Receptors On The Cell
Membrane.

6. A Nurse Is Reviewing A Report From A Patient With Metastatic Cancer. What Alternation
In The Extracellular Matrix Would Support The Diagnosis Of Metastatic Cancer?
a. Decreased Fibronectin
b. Increased Collagen
c. Decreased Elastin
d. Increased Glycoproteins
Ans: A
Only A Reduced Amount Of Fibronectin Is Found In Some Types Of Cancerous Cells,
Allowing Them To Travel Or Metastasize.

7. Which Form Of Cell Communication Is Used To Relate To Other Cells In Direct Physical
Contact?
a. Cell Junction N
b. Gap Junction
c. Desmosome
d. Tight Junction
Ans: A
Cell Junctions Hold Cells Together And Permit Molecules To Pass From Cell To Cell. Gap
Junctions Allow For Cellular Communication Between Cells. Neither Desmosomes Nor Tight
Junctions Are Associated With Cellular Communication.

8. Pancreatic Beta Cells Secrete Insulin, Which Inhibits Secretion Of Glucagon From
Neighboring Alpha Cells. This Action Is An Example Of Which Of The Following
Signaling Types?
a. Paracrine
b. Autocrine
c. Neurohormonal
d. Hormonal

Ans: A
Paracrine Signaling Involves The Release Of Local Chemical Mediators That Are Quickly
Taken Up, Destroyed, Or Immobilized, As In The Case Of Insulin And The Inhibition Of The
Secretion Of Glucagon. None Of The Other Options Involve Signaling That Is Associated With
A Local Chemical Mediator Like Insulin.

9. In Cellular Metabolism, Each Enzyme Has A High Affinity For A:
a. Solute.

, b. Substrate.
c. Receptor.
d. Ribosome.

Ans: B
Each Enzyme Has A High Affinity For A Substrate, A Specific Substance Converted To A
Product Of The Reaction. Cellular Metabolism Is Not Dependent On An Attraction Between
An Enzyme And Any Of The Remaining Options.

10. An Athlete Runs A Marathon, After Which His Muscles Feel Fatigued And Unable To
Contract. The Athlete Asks The Nurse Why This Happened. The Nurse’s Response Is Based
On The Knowledge That The Problem Is Result Of A Deficiency Of:
a. Gtp.
b. Amp.
c. Atp.
d. Gmp.

Ans: C
When Atp Is Deficient, Impaired Muscle Contraction Results. None Of The Other Options Are
Involved In Muscle Contraction.

11. Which Phase Of Catabolism Produces The Most Atp?
a. Digestion
b. Glycolysis
c. Oxidation
d. Citric Acid Cycle

Ans: D N
While Some Atp Is Produced During The Oxidation And Glycolysis Phases, Most Of The Atp Is
Generated During The Citric Acid Cycle. Digestion Does Not Produce Any Atp.

12. A Nurse Is Teaching The Staff About The Phases Of Cellular Catabolism. Which Phases
Should The Nurse Include?
a. Digestion, Glycolysis, Oxidation, And The Citric Acid Cycle
b. Diffusion, Osmosis, And Mediated Transport
c. S Phase, G Phase, And M Phase
d. Metabolic Absorption, Respiration, And Excretion
Ans: A
Only Digestion, Glycolysis, Oxidation, And The Citric Acid Cycle Are The Phases Of Cellular
Catabolism.

13. A Runner Has Depleted All The Oxygen Available For Muscle Energy. Which Of The
Following Will Facilitate His Continued Muscle Performance?
a. Electron-Transport Chain
b. Aerobic Glycolysis
c. Anaerobic Glycolysis
d. Oxidative Phosphorylation

Ans: C

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