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Intro to Social Psychology (PSYB10) Midterm Practice Questions

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Course
PSYB10

Institution
University Of Toronto (U Of T )

A list of questions on the textbook readings from weeks 4 - 6 (covered on the second midterm) that can help students better understand and test their knowledge prior to the exam

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Uploaded on January 7, 2025
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Conceptual Questions‬
‭

‭. What are the central and peripheral routes to persuasion, and when is each‬
1
more likely to be effective?‬
‭

‭●‬ A
‭nswer:‬‭
The central route to persuasion involves carefully considering‬
arguments and is more effective when the audience is analytical or invested‬
‭
in the issue, leading to longer-lasting change. The peripheral route relies‬
‭
on superficial cues, like the speaker's attractiveness, and is more‬
‭
effective when the audience is less engaged.‬
‭

2. Describe the "foot-in-the-door" technique and explain why it is effective.‬
‭

‭●‬ A
‭nswer:‬‭
The "foot-in-the-door" technique involves getting people to agree to‬
a small request to increase the likelihood of agreeing to a larger one‬
‭
later. It works because agreeing to the initial request can shift one's‬
‭
self-perception, making them see themselves as helpful or agreeable, thereby‬
‭
increasing compliance.‬
‭

‭. Explain cognitive dissonance theory and give an example of a situation where a‬
3
person might experience cognitive dissonance.‬
‭

‭●‬ A
‭nswer:‬‭
Cognitive dissonance theory suggests that people experience‬
discomfort (dissonance) when they hold conflicting beliefs or when their‬
‭
actions contradict their beliefs. For example, if someone considers‬
‭
themselves environmentally conscious but drives a gas-guzzling car, they‬
‭
might experience dissonance and either justify their choice or switch to a‬
‭
more eco-friendly vehicle.‬
‭

‭. Differentiate between compliance, obedience, and acceptance as forms of‬
4
conformity.‬
‭

‭●‬ A
‭nswer:‬‭
Compliance involves outwardly conforming to social pressure while‬
privately disagreeing. Obedience is compliance in response to an explicit‬
‭
command, often from an authority. Acceptance involves both acting and‬
‭
believing in line with social pressure, reflecting internal agreement.‬
‭

5. Describe the Asch conformity experiment and its findings on group unanimity.‬
‭

‭●‬ A
‭nswer:‬‭
In Asch's experiment, participants were asked to identify matching‬
line lengths in a group setting where confederates gave incorrect answers.‬
‭
Findings showed that participants often conformed to the group’s wrong‬
‭
answers, especially when the entire group was unanimous. The presence of‬
‭
even one dissenter greatly reduced conformity.‬
‭

6. What is social facilitation, and how does it differ from social loafing?‬
‭

‭●‬ A
‭nswer:‬‭
Social facilitation is the tendency for people to perform better on‬
simple tasks when others are present, while social loafing is the tendency‬
‭
to exert less effort on a task when working in a group where individual‬
‭
contributions are not evaluated. Social facilitation enhances performance,‬
‭
whereas social loafing reduces effort.‬
‭

7. Define groupthink and describe two symptoms that characterize it.‬
‭

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