CCC3 Exam 2 (Upper & Lower Respiratory Disorders) –
Q’s And A’s
Factors Increase Risk for Resp. Infection Right Ans - -Older than 65 years
-Cigarette smoking/vaping
-Residing in extended-care facilities
-Chronic respiratory disorders
-Congenital or chronic cardiovascular disease
-Chronic renal disease
-DM or chronic metabolic disorder
-Compromised immune system
Preventing Respiratory Disorders Right Ans - -Practice hand hygiene
-Stay out of crowds, especially during cold and flu season
-Refrain from smoking
-Avoid known allergens as much as possible
-Maintain in adequate nutrition and obtain sufficient rest; helps keep immune
system healthy
Vesicular Breath Sounds Right Ans - -over lung tissue to level of 6th
intercostal space
-low to medium pitch with soft whooshing quality
-inspiration is 2-3 times as long as expiration
Bronchovesicular Breath Sounds Right Ans - -over mainstem bronchi,
below the level of the clavicles, beside sternum, posteriorly; between scapulae
-moderate to high pitch with a hollow, muffled quality
-equal time for inspiration and expiration
Bronchial Breath Sounds Right Ans - -over trachea, above sternal notch
-high pitch with loud, harsh, tubular quality
-inspiration is half the time as expiration
Wheezing Right Ans - -whistling, musical, high-pitched sound
Rhonchi Right Ans - -low-pitched, rattling sounds cause by secretions in
larger air passages
, Crackles Right Ans - -produced by air passing through moisture in smaller
airways
Fine Crackles Right Ans - -high-pitched and can be heard in patients with
atelectasis, fibrosis, pneumonia, or early CHF
-sounds like rubbing hairs between fingers close to ears
Coarse Crackles Right Ans - -loud and low-pitched, heard in patients with
bronchitis, pulmonary edema, and resolving pneumonia
Pleural Friction Rub Right Ans - -grating or scratchy sound, pain stops
when patient holds their breath
-sounds like creaky shoe leather or a squeaky door
-irritated visceral and parietal pleura that rub against each other
Stridor Right Ans - -croaking sound
-can be heard without stethoscope
-typically heard in children with croup or adults with airway obstruction
-requires prompt assessment and intervention
Sinusitis S/Sx Right Ans - -headache
-fever
-tenderness over sinuses
-malaise
-purulent drainage from nose
-sometimes nonproductive cough
-upper teeth may become painful
Epistaxis Anterior Treatment Right Ans - -sit forward (prevents blood from
running down throat)
-direct pressure by pinching nose just below bone, close to face, for 10-15
minutes
-ice packs (constricts blood vessels)
-staying calm
-if still bleeding after 10-15 minutes, repeat steps (if still bleeding go to ED)
Epistaxis Posterior Treatment Right Ans - -cauterization
-packing
Q’s And A’s
Factors Increase Risk for Resp. Infection Right Ans - -Older than 65 years
-Cigarette smoking/vaping
-Residing in extended-care facilities
-Chronic respiratory disorders
-Congenital or chronic cardiovascular disease
-Chronic renal disease
-DM or chronic metabolic disorder
-Compromised immune system
Preventing Respiratory Disorders Right Ans - -Practice hand hygiene
-Stay out of crowds, especially during cold and flu season
-Refrain from smoking
-Avoid known allergens as much as possible
-Maintain in adequate nutrition and obtain sufficient rest; helps keep immune
system healthy
Vesicular Breath Sounds Right Ans - -over lung tissue to level of 6th
intercostal space
-low to medium pitch with soft whooshing quality
-inspiration is 2-3 times as long as expiration
Bronchovesicular Breath Sounds Right Ans - -over mainstem bronchi,
below the level of the clavicles, beside sternum, posteriorly; between scapulae
-moderate to high pitch with a hollow, muffled quality
-equal time for inspiration and expiration
Bronchial Breath Sounds Right Ans - -over trachea, above sternal notch
-high pitch with loud, harsh, tubular quality
-inspiration is half the time as expiration
Wheezing Right Ans - -whistling, musical, high-pitched sound
Rhonchi Right Ans - -low-pitched, rattling sounds cause by secretions in
larger air passages
, Crackles Right Ans - -produced by air passing through moisture in smaller
airways
Fine Crackles Right Ans - -high-pitched and can be heard in patients with
atelectasis, fibrosis, pneumonia, or early CHF
-sounds like rubbing hairs between fingers close to ears
Coarse Crackles Right Ans - -loud and low-pitched, heard in patients with
bronchitis, pulmonary edema, and resolving pneumonia
Pleural Friction Rub Right Ans - -grating or scratchy sound, pain stops
when patient holds their breath
-sounds like creaky shoe leather or a squeaky door
-irritated visceral and parietal pleura that rub against each other
Stridor Right Ans - -croaking sound
-can be heard without stethoscope
-typically heard in children with croup or adults with airway obstruction
-requires prompt assessment and intervention
Sinusitis S/Sx Right Ans - -headache
-fever
-tenderness over sinuses
-malaise
-purulent drainage from nose
-sometimes nonproductive cough
-upper teeth may become painful
Epistaxis Anterior Treatment Right Ans - -sit forward (prevents blood from
running down throat)
-direct pressure by pinching nose just below bone, close to face, for 10-15
minutes
-ice packs (constricts blood vessels)
-staying calm
-if still bleeding after 10-15 minutes, repeat steps (if still bleeding go to ED)
Epistaxis Posterior Treatment Right Ans - -cauterization
-packing
