STAT 3001
Statistical Methods & Applications
Finals Exam Review (Qns & Ans)
2025
1. Which of the following is the best measure of central
tendency for a skewed distribution?
- A. Mean
- B. Median
- C. Mode
- D. Range
- ANS: B. Median
- Rationale: The median is less affected by extreme values
and provides a better measure of central tendency for skewed
distributions.
©2025
,2. What type of study design is commonly used to determine the
effectiveness of a new treatment compared to a placebo?
- A. Cross-sectional study
- B. Case-control study
- C. Randomized controlled trial (RCT)
- D. Cohort study
- ANS: C. Randomized controlled trial (RCT)
- Rationale: RCTs are considered the gold standard for
determining the effectiveness of interventions by randomly
assigning participants to treatment or control groups.
3. Which statistical test is used to compare the means of two
independent groups?
- A. Chi-square test
- B. Paired t-test
- C. Independent t-test
- D. ANOVA
- ANS: C. Independent t-test
- Rationale: The independent t-test compares the means of
two independent groups to determine if there is a significant
difference between them.
©2025
, 4. In hypothesis testing, what does a p-value less than 0.05
indicate?
- A. There is strong evidence against the null hypothesis
- B. The null hypothesis is true
- C. The sample size is too small
- D. The data is not normally distributed
- ANS: A. There is strong evidence against the null
hypothesis
- Rationale: A p-value less than 0.05 indicates that the
observed results are unlikely to have occurred by chance,
providing strong evidence against the null hypothesis.
5. Which measure of dispersion is defined as the square root of
the variance?
- A. Range
- B. Interquartile range (IQR)
- C. Standard deviation
- D. Coefficient of variation
- ANS: C. Standard deviation
- Rationale: The standard deviation is the square root of the
variance and provides a measure of the spread of data points
around the mean.
©2025
Statistical Methods & Applications
Finals Exam Review (Qns & Ans)
2025
1. Which of the following is the best measure of central
tendency for a skewed distribution?
- A. Mean
- B. Median
- C. Mode
- D. Range
- ANS: B. Median
- Rationale: The median is less affected by extreme values
and provides a better measure of central tendency for skewed
distributions.
©2025
,2. What type of study design is commonly used to determine the
effectiveness of a new treatment compared to a placebo?
- A. Cross-sectional study
- B. Case-control study
- C. Randomized controlled trial (RCT)
- D. Cohort study
- ANS: C. Randomized controlled trial (RCT)
- Rationale: RCTs are considered the gold standard for
determining the effectiveness of interventions by randomly
assigning participants to treatment or control groups.
3. Which statistical test is used to compare the means of two
independent groups?
- A. Chi-square test
- B. Paired t-test
- C. Independent t-test
- D. ANOVA
- ANS: C. Independent t-test
- Rationale: The independent t-test compares the means of
two independent groups to determine if there is a significant
difference between them.
©2025
, 4. In hypothesis testing, what does a p-value less than 0.05
indicate?
- A. There is strong evidence against the null hypothesis
- B. The null hypothesis is true
- C. The sample size is too small
- D. The data is not normally distributed
- ANS: A. There is strong evidence against the null
hypothesis
- Rationale: A p-value less than 0.05 indicates that the
observed results are unlikely to have occurred by chance,
providing strong evidence against the null hypothesis.
5. Which measure of dispersion is defined as the square root of
the variance?
- A. Range
- B. Interquartile range (IQR)
- C. Standard deviation
- D. Coefficient of variation
- ANS: C. Standard deviation
- Rationale: The standard deviation is the square root of the
variance and provides a measure of the spread of data points
around the mean.
©2025
