Summary
Summary AC 1.1- Analysing Different Types of Crime
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Explanation and details as well as evaluation, statistics and examples.
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AC 1.1- Analysing Different types of crimeThere are many different types of crime and I will be exploring and evaluating
Individual and the subdivisions of individual crime such as Domestic crime, Hate
crime and honor crimes
Individual crime
Individual crime refers to the wide array of criminal offences that are carried out
against an individual’s will, bodily harm or a threat to carry out a bodily harm.
The different types of crimes that may be committed against an individual could
be domestic violence, Hate crime, Honor killing
Domestic violence
Domestic violence is a Particular subdivision of crimes committed against an
individual in a family or a home which can be offences such as physical, financial,
psychological, sexual and emotional violence or abuse. The domestic violence
act was enacted March 21, 2005 and it focuses on protecting the victims and
criminalizing perpetrators. Domestic violence is an important issue with it
affecting 1 in 4 women, (ONS, 2016).
Women are not the only victims even though they are more likely to be, men
also are victims of domestic violence. Victims of domestic violence are normally
too scared to speak up but not Dr Thandi Ndlovu. She was a South African doctor
and businesswoman who endured abuse at the hands of her husband and
eventually decided to walk away. Even though justice did not prevail she is seen
as a model for victims like her that there is a way out.
Domestic violence is a gendered crime it may happen to men, but it is a rampant
phenomenon that affects women 2 times more than it affects men. In a survey
conducted by the Emancipation Monitor domestic perpetrators can be both
male and female but are more likely to be men abusing women; from April 2014
to March 2017 four in five female victims of domestic homicide were killed by a
partner or ex-partner (239, 82%); of which the vast majority of suspects were
male (238). 45 male victims (45%) were killed by a partner or ex-partner in the
same time period; 7 of the suspects in these cases were male, and 38 were
female (ONS, 2018).
, While legacies like the ones of Dr Thandi encourage and raise awareness of
Domestic violence a lot victims are still afraid to speak up and while it may seem
like a lot of awareness is being pushed to domestic violence a lot of people are
still blinded and close minded to the reality of the situation. A lot of victims are
scared to come forward for fear of shame and ridicule which is still very common
in today's society. It's very hard for a lot of people to come forward but there
are centers such as Pennine Domestic Violence Group and Victim Support that
help victims deal with the trauma they have been through and raise awareness
of domestic violence which is what society needs.
Hate Crime
A hate crime is a type of crime that may usually include violence and is prompted
by race, religion, sexuality, disability or transgender issues. These are acts of
hate that stem from hostility towards a group usually minorities in the society.
Hate speech laws in England and Wales are found in several statutes.
Expressions of hatred toward someone on account of that person's colour, race,
disability, nationality (including citizenship), ethnic or national origin, religion,
gender identity, or sexual orientation is forbidden, (Racial and Religious Hatred
Act 2006).
These negative exploits of hate (can be physical or non-physical) consist of
harassment, verbal abuse, assault, criminal damage, threats of violence etc.
Pulling a hijab off a muslim is a form of harassment or yelling obscenities at a
gay couple is verbal abuse. If it is an action motivated by prejudice to the
minorities in society it can be regarded as a hate crime even staring at a same
sex couple holding hands is harassment.
Hate crimes in Britain have been rising in the past five years with an extra 2000
crimes reported per year. One of the victims of hate crimes is Stephen Lawrence,
a black British teenager from Plumstead, South East London who was killed
waiting for the bus in a racially prompted attack. The case caused such an uproar
it was known as a Cause célèbre. The extent of this hate crime just goes to show
why Hate crime is detrimental to society and why we as a society need to take a
stand against hate. Hate crimes are not just motivated by prejudice towards
race minorities but also the disabled, LBGT and people of colour they are also
likely to be victims of these heinous crimes. Perpetrators are more likely to be
the majorities of the society so for example in the western society a majority
of hate crime offenders (66%) were white, and more likely to be committed by
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