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electromagnetic induction notes

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Module
Electromagnetic induction

Institution
CIE

Detailed electromagnetic induction notes with definitions, text, images, and additional info from 9702 past papers I have completed from , all variants

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Uploaded on August 9, 2021
Number of pages 4
Written in 2021/2022
Type Lecture notes
Professor(s) Advika
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science
math
igcse
gcse
as level
a level
physic
physics
electromagnetic induction
9702
uk

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Electromagnetic induction
 It is the conversion of mechanical energy to electrical energy
 Electromagnetic induction is when an emf is induced in a conductor due to it moving
through a magnetic field
 In electromagnetic induction, Flemings right hand rule is used.
 When a conductor cuts through magnetic field lines, there is a change in magnetic flux which
causes work to be done which is transformed to electrical energy. When attached to a
complete circuit, a current will be induced
 If it is not a part of a complete circuit, negative charge will accumulate at one end of the
conductor leaving the other end positively charged. We have an induced emf across the
ends of the conductor
 Electromagnetic induction occurs when
1. A conductor cuts through a magnetic field
2. Direction of magnetic field through a coil change

Experiment 1: moving a magnet through a coil

 When a coil is connected to a sensitive voltmeter, a bar magnet can be moved in and out of
the coil to induce an e.m.f

1. When the bar magnet is not moving:
 Voltmeter reading = 0
 Because rate of change of flux = 0 and no emf is induced
2. When bar magnet starts moving inside the coil:
 There is a reading on the voltmeter
 As the bar magnet moves, its magnetic field lines ‘cut through’ the coil, generating a
change in magnetic flux
 Emf is induced, shown by the voltmeter
3. When the bar magnet starts moving outside the coil:
 Magnet changes direction so the direction of induced current changes direction
 Emf is induced in the opposite direction which is shown by the voltmeter (shows
opposite sign)
 How to increase induced emf:
(a) Moving magnet faster through the coil (induces emf of higher magnitude as rate of
change of flux increases)
(b) Adding more turns to the coil
(c) Increasing strength of the bar magnet
 When (for example) a north pole of a bar magnet is being pushed into a coil, the end of the
coil near the bar magnet becomes a north pole and opposes the movement of the magnet
into the coil which means work has to be done to push the magnet into the coil and energy
transferred by your work is transferred to electrical energy of the current
 If the bar magnet is replaced with a wire connected to a voltmeter and moved between 2
magnets, step 1,2, and 3 will be the same.
 Note that the wires are moved up and down rather than in and out like the bar magnet
 How to increase induced emf:
(a) Increase length of wire

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