Extremely high quality and detailed notes on the Depth Study (Russia) part of the AQA A level history course. Notes include/cover:
- Five Year Plans
- Impact of FYPs
- Stalin & Propaganda
- Social and Economic Condition of Russia by 1941
AIMS:
Boost overall production by 300%
Develop heavy industry (coal, iron, steel, oil, machinery)
Improve the transport system, especially railways
Transform society + the economy by electrification; target = generate 6x more electric power
by 1933 than the total in 1928
Feed the expanding industrial workforce through big increases in agricultural production
Light industry (chemicals, household goods etc) given low priority but was expected; output x2
WHY INDUSTRIALISE:
Political:
- Secure the revolution from external threats, (modernise + militarise)
- Fits with Stalin’s ‘Socialism in One Country’
Economic:
o Catch up with the West- had started industrialising over 150yrs before
o Become more self-sufficient
Ideological:
CSPU were an urban proletariat party they were the people that supported the revolution
so the gov have to support them
It fitted with Marxist theory (strongly centralised socialist state leading the country through
to an urban workers’ state)
INTRO:
Collectivisation was introduced to support Stalin’s industrial plans
Aim: improve productivity of farming sector + thereby feed growing urban work force
At the 1st Workers Conference 1931 Stalin had said “We are fifty or a hundred years behind
the advanced countries. We must make up this gap in ten years. Either we do it or they will
crush us”
This rapid industrial development was to be undertaken using central command planning
The plans that were drawn up by Gosplan (the central planning authority) were known as
the Five Year Plans
The plans began 1928 + lasted until Stalin’s death 1953 (only gap 1941-45 – WW2)
Plan Dates
1st FYP 1928-32 As you can see – no plan ever lasted the full
Five Years
2nd FYP 1933-37
3rd FYP 1938-41 They were ended a year early; so that the Soviet Union
could declare they had already met their targets!
4th FYP 1946-50
5th FYP 1951-55
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