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Chemistry The Science in Context, Gilbert - Exam Preparation Test Bank (Downloadable Doc)

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Module
Chemistry The Science in Context,Gilbert,3e

Institution
Cambridge University (CAM)

Book
Chemistry

Description: Test Bank for Chemistry The Science in Context, Gilbert, 3e prepares you efficiently for your upcoming exams. It contains practice test questions tailored for your textbook. Chemistry The Science in Context, Gilbert, 3e Test bank allow you to access quizzes and multiple choice quest...

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Chapter 1: Matter, Energy, and the Origins of the Universe

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Which one of the following is a mixture?
a. an aqueous solution of sugar d. copper metal
b. pure water e. table salt (sodium chloride)
c. nitrogen gas
ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 1.1
OBJ: Distinguish between pure substances, mixtures, elements, and compounds.
MSC: Conceptual

2. The law of constant composition states that __________
a. compounds such as NO2 and SO2 have identical chemical properties.
b. for a given compound, the elements forming the compound always react in the same proportions.
c. nitrogen and oxygen can combine to form NO or NO2.
d. elements do not always combine in the same proportion to give the same compound.
e. only one compound can be produced when two elements combine.
ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 1.1
OBJ: Describe how a compound is an example of the law of constant composition.
MSC: Factual

3. A pure substance __________
a. cannot be separated into simpler substances by physical means.
b. can have a composition that varies from sample to sample.
c. must be an element.
d. has different chemical and physical properties depending on its source.
e. must be a compound.
ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 1.1
OBJ: Identify the characteristics of a pure substance. MSC: Conceptual

4. An element __________
a. can be separated into its components by physical methods.
b. may have different chemical properties depending on its source.
c. cannot be separated into simpler substances by chemical methods.
d. can also be a compound.
e. exists only as atoms and not as molecules.
ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: 1.1
OBJ: Identify the characteristics of an element. MSC: Conceptual

5. Which of the following is not a pure substance?
a. air d. argon gas
b. nitrogen gas e. table salt (sodium chloride)
c. oxygen gas
ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 1.1
OBJ: Distinguish between pure substances, mixtures, elements, and compounds.
MSC: Conceptual

6. Which of the following is a pure substance?
a. mineral water d. sucrose (table sugar)
b. blood e. beer

, c. brass (an alloy of copper and zinc)
ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: 1.1
OBJ: Distinguish between pure substances, mixtures, elements, and compounds.
MSC: Conceptual

7. Which of the following is an element?
a. Cl2 d. MgO
b. H2O e. HCl
c. NaCl
ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 1.1
OBJ: Distinguish between pure substances, mixtures, elements, and compounds.
MSC: Conceptual

8. A structural formula __________
a. always shows correct bond distances and angles in a molecule.
b. is the same as a chemical formula.
c. shows how the molecule can be synthesized.
d. shows how atoms are connected in a chemical species.
e. is the same as a molecular formula.
ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: 1.2
OBJ: Describe the information provided by a structural formula. MSC: Factual

9. Which of the following is a homogeneous mixture?
a. filtered water d. trail mix snack
b. chicken noodle soup e. fruit salad
c. clouds
ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 1.1
OBJ: Identify the characteristics of a homogeneous mixture. MSC: Conceptual

10. Which of the following is a heterogeneous mixture?
a. air d. brass
b. sugar dissolved in water e. table salt (sodium chloride)
c. muddy river water
ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: 1.1
OBJ: Identify the characteristics of a heterogeneous mixture. MSC: Conceptual

11. Distillation may be used to separate components in a mixture based on differences in __________
a. solubilities. d. masses.
b. boiling points. e. color.
c. melting points.
ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
OBJ: Describe the process of distillation. MSC: Factual

12. Which of the following mixtures can be separated by filtration?
a. sugar dissolved in coffee d. alcohol dissolved in water
b. sand and water e. air
c. gasoline
ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
OBJ: Describe the process of filtration. MSC: Conceptual

13. An example of a chemical property of formaldehyde (CH2O) is __________

, a. it is flammable. d. it dissolves in water.
b. it has a density of 1.09 g/mL. e. it is a gas at room temperature.
c. it is colorless.
ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 1.4
OBJ: Distinguish between physical and chemical properties. MSC: Conceptual

14. Which represents an intensive property?
a. Hydrogen gas has mass.
b. Hydrogen gas has a given density.
c. A balloon filled with hydrogen gas has a given volume.
d. Hydrogen releases a given amount of energy when it reacts with oxygen.
e. Hydrogen gas in a steel tank exerts a given pressure.
ANS: B DIF: Medium REF: 1.4
OBJ: Distinguish between intensive and extensive properties. MSC: Conceptual

15. Which of the following is a chemical property?
a. Hydrogen is flammable.
b. Hydrogen is a gas.
c. Hydrogen gas has mass.
d. The boiling point of hydrogen is 20 K.
e. Hydrogen gas exerts pressure on the walls of a container.
ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 1.4
OBJ: Distinguish between physical and chemical properties. MSC: Conceptual

16. Extensive properties are __________
a. physical properties and not chemical properties.
b. identical for all substances.
c. independent of the volume of substance present.
d. dependent on the amount of substance.
e. dependent on factors external to the substance itself.
ANS: D DIF: Medium REF: 1.4
OBJ: Distinguish between intensive and extensive properties. MSC: Conceptual

17. The density of an object that weighs 10.0 g and occupies a volume of 2.5 cm3 is __________
a. 4.0 g/cm3. d. 0.25 cm3/g.
b. 4.0 cm3/g. e. dependent on the temperature.
c. 0.25 g/cm3.
ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 1.4
OBJ: Use density correctly in analysis and calculations. MSC: Applied

18. Which of the following represents a chemical property of copper metal?
a. Copper metal conducts heat.
b. Copper metal reacts with nitric acid to produce copper(II) nitrate.
c. Copper metal melts at 1085°C.
d. Copper metal conducts electricity.
e. Copper metal has an orange color.
ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 1.4
OBJ: Distinguish between physical and chemical properties. MSC: Conceptual

19. Which of the following represents a physical property of water?
a. Water boils at 100°C.
b. An electrical current decomposes water into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas.

, c. Water reacts with iron metal and oxygen to form rust.
d. Water reacts with carbon monoxide to form carbon dioxide and hydrogen gas.
e. Water is used in photosynthesis.
ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 1.4
OBJ: Distinguish between physical and chemical properties. MSC: Conceptual

20. When you place a piece of dry ice (solid carbon dioxide) on a plate, you notice that no liquid forms, unlike ice
that melts to form liquid water. This is because dry ice __________
a. as a liquid quickly evaporates. d. in the liquid form does not exist.
b. undergoes deposition instead of melting. e. contains no water.
c. sublimes instead of melting.
ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: 1.6
OBJ: Identify the processes that accompany phase transitions. MSC: Applied

21. Which statement correctly describes the properties of a gas?
a. A gas does not occupy the entire volume of the container and is not highly compressible.
b. A gas occupies the entire volume of the container and is highly compressible.
c. A gas is highly ordered, and the molecules do not move about in the container.
d. A gas has a definite volume and shape.
e. A gas takes the shape of the container but is not highly compressible.
ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 1.6
OBJ: Identify the characteristics of a gas. MSC: Factual

22. A hypothesis is __________
a. supported by experimental evidence.
b. a scientific theory used to explain observations.
c. an explanation of observed processes that needs to be tested.
d. the entire process through which scientific phenomena are explained.
e. one side of a right triangle.
ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: 1.7 OBJ: Characterize a hypothesis.
MSC: Factual

23. John Dalton postulated that all matter is composed of small particles called atoms. For this proposition to be
considered a valid scientific theory, __________
a. it must be continually supported by experimental evidence and testing.
b. it must be impossible to prove wrong by experiment.
c. all possible experiments must never find an exception to it.
d. some, but only a few, experiments may find exceptions to it.
e. it must be voted on by the scientific community and accepted by all.
ANS: A DIF: Medium REF: 1.7
OBJ: Characterize the scientific method. MSC: Factual

24. Which of the following is the SI base unit for mass?
a. g d. lb
b. kg e. m
c. mg
ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 1.8
OBJ: Name the SI base units, their abbreviations, and the relevant quantities.
MSC: Factual

25. Which of the following is the most massive?
a. 2.5 kg of oxygen gas d. 250 g of helium gas

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