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Succinct and informative IB SL History summary of WW1 and WW2 £11.59
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Succinct and informative IB SL History summary of WW1 and WW2
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  • Module
  • IB History SL
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  • Pearson Baccalaureate

The document includes informative summary of WW1 causes, practices, consequences and WW2 causes: the failure of collective security. Hitler's war. Hitler and short term causes of WW. Hitler, Poland, the Nazi-Soviet Pact. Appeasement as a cause of WW2. A 7 was my main grade for 1 year and a half ...

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  • June 16, 2022
  • 25
  • 2021/2022
  • Interview
  • Unknown
  • Unknown

Subjects

  • history
  • ib history
  • ib history sl
  • ib history of europe
  • world wars
  • world war one
  • causes of world war one
  • world war two
  • causes of world
  • practices of world war one
  • consequences of world war one

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  • IB History Higher Level Paper Two Exam Review Notes (World War One, Spanish Civil War, Chinese Civil War)
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  • IB History SL
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WW1 causes

Long-term causes



1870-1871 - Franco-Prussian war – Alsace-Lorraine was annexed to the unified Germany

1873 – Three Emperors League – Germany, Austro-Hungary and Russia

1882 – the Triple Alliance – Germany, Austro-Hungary and Italy

1890 – Otto von Bismarck was replaced by Leo von Caprivi

1888 - Weltpolitik – the aim was to transform Germany in a global power, imperialist and militarist goals

1894 – Franco-Russian alliance

1895 – Jameson’s Raid of December - colonial rivalry between Br and G

1898 – German naval law to build 17 ships, to dominate over Britain

1904 - Entente – UK and France, later Russia in 1907

1906 – Britain launched a super battleship Dreadnought (means ‘feared nothing’)

Some people in Austro-Hungary wanted to form South Slav Kingdom with Serbia

1907 – the Triple Entente



Short-term causes



1905 – the Moroccan crisis – Germany attempted to deteriorate the Anglo-French relationship but
failed. Failure of Weltpolitik, tension between Britain and Germany increased

1908 – the Bosnian crisis – Austro-Hungary annexed Bosnia (formal Turkish province). Serbia was
outraged as it wanted to include this territory into their future kingdom of Slavs. Germany backed
Austro-Hungary. Russia backed up Serbia. However, when Russia learnt that France and Britain would
not help, it went back, being humiliated

1911 - the second Moroccan crisis – Anglo-French relationship only strengthened



1912 - 1st Balkan War - Serbia, Greece, Montenegro, Bulgaria joined in an alliance to draw Turkey out of
the region. Succeeded. But A-H succeed in containing Serbia by creating Albania state, thus, cutting
Serbia from the Adriatic Sea

1913 - 2nd Balkan War - Bulgaria went to war against Serbia and Greece to seize their gains but failed.

Consequences:

● Turkey was withdrawn from the Balkans
● Serbia doubled in size and had a strong army - more influence

,1905 – Schlieffen plan

1914 – the July crisis – 28th June – assassination of the Astro-Hungarian heir to the throne, Franz
Ferdinand by a Serbian. He had a plan on how to put down tension in nationalist Serbia.

Ultimatum to Serbia a month later

‘Blank Cheque’ from Germany to Austria-Hungary – Germany promised support to A-H



Contribution to the outbreak of war

Germany

● ‘Blank Cheque’
● Violation of Belgian neutrality brought Britain into the war (Britain was a guarantee of Belgium
sovereignty. Germany decided to attack France going through Belgium. Therefore, Britain
intervened)
● Invasion of France



A-H

● Exaggeration of the threat from Serbia
● Delay of the response to the assassination - 1 month



Russia

● Did not restrain Serbian nationalism
● Support to Serbia made Serbia more nationalist

, Ww1 practices



Failure of the Schlieffen Plan - Russia mobilised faster, strong resistance on the west

Total war

Western Front – stretching 320 km from the English Channel to the Swiss Alps – main front where the
stalemate was, trenches



Reasons for the USA to join the war:
May 7, 1915 - sinking of the ocean liner Lusitania

U-boat attacks from Germany

January 1917 - Zimmerman telegram – G offered Mexican government American territories in turn for
the Mexican help in containing the USA

April 1917 – the US entered the war



1918, November 11 – the Armistice – removal of Germany troops from occupied countries



war at land - trenches - stalemate - deadlier for attackers than defenders

New technologies – chemical warfare (gas), tanks



War at sea – control of the trade routes – U-boats, submarines

Convoy system was used to defend ships from the U-boats attacks



War in the air

Airships



Civilians were affected

Woman played a great role in the war

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