Summary
Summary Notes 3.2.2 - Group 2, the alkaline earth metals
- Institution
- AQA
Summary Notes 3.2.2 - Group 2, the alkaline earth metals
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
Content preview
Taylor’s Notes Group 2 NotesGroup Trends
Atomic Radius
Atomic radius increases down the group as the atoms have more shells of electrons, so the atom is bigger
First Ionisation Energy
First ionisation energy decreases down group 2 as atomic radius increases down the group and so the
outer electron being lost is less attracted to the nucleus
Melting point
Alkaline metals exhibit a giant metallic structure
With the exception of Mg, the melting points decrease down the group as the charge density of the metal
ions decreases and so there is a weaker attraction between a sea of delocalised electrons and positive ions
down the group
Reaction of Magnesium with Steam
Magnesium reacts with steam to form Magnesium Oxide and Hydrogen
Mg(s) + H2O(g) MgO(s) + H2(g)
Reaction of Magnesium with Hot Water
Magnesium reacts with hot water to form Magnesium Hydroxide and Hydrogen
Mg(s) + 2H2O(l) Mg(OH)2 + H2(g)
Reactions of Group 2 Metals with Cold Water
Calcium, Strontium and Barium react with cold water in the same general reaction
M(s) + 2H2O(I) M(OH)2(aq/s) + H2(g)
The reaction becomes more vigorous down Group 2 as the First and Second Ionisation Energies decrease
down Group 2
As the Second Ionisation Energies decrease down the group this means that forming the M2+ ion requires
less energy
Extraction of Titanium
Titanium is extracted by a reaction with a more reactive metal (Magnesium)
1. TiO2 (solid) is converted to TiCl4
2. The Titanium in TiCl4 is then displaced by Magnesium
TiO2 + 2Cl2 + C TiCl4 + CO2 and then TiCl4 + 2Mg 2MgCl2 + Ti
Flue Gas Desulphurisation
Sulphur containing fuels produce sulphur dioxide (SO2) when burnt which contribute to acid rain
This is removed from factory chimneys with basic substances like CaCO3 or CaO
SO2 + CaO CaSO3 or SO2 + CaO CaSO3 + CO2
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Taylorsnotes. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for £4.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
53340 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy revision notes and other study material for 14 years now