100% satisfaction guarantee Immediately available after payment Both online and in PDF No strings attached
logo-home
Previously searched by you
Previously searched by you
logo
Summary HISTORY RUSSIA THEME 2 NOTES (A*) £5.99
Add to cart
Quickly navigate to
Preview
  2.  
  3. PEARSON (PEARSON)
  4.  
  5. History 2015
  6.  
  7. Unit 1E - Russia, 1917-91: from Lenin to Yeltsin

Summary

Summary HISTORY RUSSIA THEME 2 NOTES (A*)

1 review
 0 purchase

Communist Russia theme 2 notes in full. perfect if you don't want to read the whole textbook. all necessary info. got me an A*. perfect for cramming + essay plans/exam questions. more concise than textbook but plenty of detailed info!!

Preview 2 out of 15  pages

Document information

  • No
  • Unknown
  • August 21, 2022
  • 15
  • 2021/2022
  • Summary

Subjects

Connected book

book image

Book Title:

Author(s):

  • Edition:
  • ISBN:
  • Edition:

More summaries for

All for this textbook (14)

Written for

All documents for this subject (139)

1  review

review-writer-avatar

By: albaashton • 1 year ago

Seller

avatar-seller
annaboulton

Reviews received

Content preview

Theme 2 - industry and agriculture
Introduction

 economy in chaos 1917
 key dilemma - how to restore the economy
 believed that all aspects of the economy should be in the hands of the peasants and the
workers - innefective method of ensuring economic progress
 slow pace of change led to stalins 5YPs
 after stalins deaths - consumer goods increasingly focused on - material benefits of
communism
 1985 - economy was stagnating as it ground to a halt

How did the government exercise control over the economy between 1917 and 1928?

 giving power to the peasants and workers did not suit the poor economic sitiuation of
the time
 state control - limited the workers independance but was the only way to rejuvinate
the economy
 by 1928 - stalin decided on the command economy

The nationalisation of industry

 no blueprint for getting from capitalism to socialism
 period of trial and error
 ideologically - means of production in the hands of the peasants
 bourgeoise had the expertise and skills that were needed - lenin talked of working
with them for a short period - state capitalism
 issue of how the bolshevik party could retain control when the workers and peasants
were acting on their own initiative - once given power could be unwilling to give it up

key measures of Lenins initial economic policy

 the Land Decree - Oct 1917 - abolished private ownership of land - now in the hands
of the people - pleased the peasantry
 Decree on Workers Control - Nov 1917 - placed control of all factories into the hands
of the workers
 all private banks nationalised - 27 Dec 1917 - Peoples bank of the Russian Republic
 gave considerable power to the workers and peasants
 had a detrimental effect on the economy
 huge pay rises - inflation
 managers dismissed - technical expertise lost
 gov needed to exert greater control over the economy
 Dec 1917 - Suprememe Council of the National Economy set up - provide greater
supervision of the economy
 tension between worker self management and gov control
 role of central gov increased during civil war

War Communism and the New Economic Policy

, why was war communism introduced?

 civil war - measures had to be introduced to ensure that the Red Army was provided
with enough food and resources - much greater gov intervention
 application of communist principles or prompted by the economic and social chaos
poduced by WW1 and the civil war?

The ideological basis

 went along with the long term aim to abolish private enterprise
 application of communist ideology
 bartering seen as a liberation from capitalism - actually caused by inflation
 nationalisation of industry implemented before it was intended to - bolsheviks took
advantage of the opportunity to progress with communism

the response to the reality of economic collapse

 economy in a near state of collapse
 drastic measures needed to win the civil war
 state direction of economy often used in times of war

a reaction to the early bolshevik excesses

 response to the problems that resulted from the early decrees e.g. giving control to the
workers
 unworkable in the emergency context of the civil war
 abolition of army ranks reversed, managers used to create order in industry

Key features of war communism

 nationalisation of all industry - only workplaces with fewer than ten workers exempt
 all industry placed under the control of the state
 reintroduction of heirarchial structures in industry - discipline
 harsh miliatary style discipline introduced into factories - death penalty for strikers,
Labour armies for unemployed, all workers expected to volunteer for unpaid work on
'Communist Sundays'
 all private trading banned - trade controlled by the state - could not satisfy demand -
black market developed
 transactions using money limited due to inflation - bartering
 forcible requistioning of food - feed the army and the towns - malnutrition and
starvation in the countryside
 rationing - ensure that the workers were fed - crucial to war effort - preferential
treatment

Why was the NEP introduced in 1921?

 War communism was failing - deteriation of economy and the bolsheviks political
position worrying
 war communism won the civil war but at a huge cost - economy and political position
 ending of the civil war - new sitiuation - different response

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through credit card for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying these notes from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller annaboulton. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy these notes for £5.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

66075 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy revision notes and other study material for 15 years now

Start selling
£5.99
  • (1)
Add to cart
Added