Summary

Summary AQA Geography A-Level Revision Notes - Globalisation and Global Systems

1 purchase

Module
Globalisation

Institution
AQA

Comprehensive revision notes for the Globalisation and Global Systems AQA A-Level course. Includes all sub-chapters from the textbook alongside case study information. Used by individuals who all achieved top A-Level grades and are now studying at top Russell Group universities or Oxbridge.

[Show more]

Preview 3 out of 25 pages

View example

Uploaded on August 30, 2022
Number of pages 25
Written in 2022/2023
Type Summary

Study Level A/AS Level
Examinator AQA
Subject Geography
Unit Globalisation

topmarksrevision Member since 2 year 25 documents sold

£5.49

Add to cart

Add to wishlist

100% satisfaction guarantee
Immediately available after payment
Both online and in PDF
No strings attached

Globalisation Revision Notes:

- International trade gives rise to a world economy, demand, supply and prices are
affected by global events

Key Terms:

Capital Flows: The movement of money for the purpose of investment, trade or to produce
goods/services

Globalisation: Processes by which national economies, societies and cultures have become
increasingly integrated through the global network of trade, communication, transportation
and immigration

International trade: The exchange of capital, goods and services across international
borders

Labour: The aggregate of all human capital used to create or provide goods and services

Dimensions of Globalisation:

Form of globalisation Process caused by: Characterised by:
Economic Increase in free trade, growth of Long distance flows of
TNC’s, technological advances, goods, capital and services
global marketing
Cultural/social Migration, global communication, Spread of ideas, info and
westernisation images
Political Impact of Western democracies on Diffusion of govn policy and
LIC’s, decline of communism market economies
developed in previous
communist states

Flows of Capital:

- Late 20th century saw deregulation of financial markets therefore banks,
insurance/investment firms were no longer bound to their national boundaries

, - Diagram above shows how global power is concentrated in the hands of relatively
small group of developed countries – core
- Countries which have been exploited, less developed and suffer from lack of
investment, leakages and out migration are periphery countries
- But the model is almost outdated due to BRIC and MINT countries developing at a
rapid rate

Flows of Money:

FDI: Investment mainly by TNC’s based in one country into capital or assets of a foreign
enterprise

Repatriation of profits: TNC’s investing in overseas production will usually take profits back
into the home country – where economies tend to be more stable

Aid: Financial support for poor countries – can be multilateral (from the UN), bilateral (one
govn to another) or supplies from NGO’s

Migration: Majority of out migration is from poor to rich countries – exacerbates disparities
as the LIC lose their most skilled workers who will pay taxes in another country and exercise
skills in another country

Remittance Payments: Transfers of money made by foreign workers back to family in their
home country – India receives more from diaspora than any other country

, Key Terms:

BRIC: Brazil, Russia, India, China – economies which have rapidly grown since 1990

MINT: Mexico, Indonesia, Nigeria and Turkey – Recently emerging economies

Diaspora: Large group of people with similar homelands/heritages who have moved and
settled in different locations

Case Study: Remittance dilemma in Somalia – 2012

- 40% of Somalians rely on remittance payments to meet basic needs
- They contribute to 50% of GNI and 80% of all investment in the country
- In 2012 there were concerns the money was going into terrorist groups – this led to
many US/UK banks refusing to provide the remittance payments

Flows of Labour:

- Labour markets are not as free flowing as financial markets – immigration
restrictions
- In recent years migration has risen because of better employment opportunities
- The largest regional flow of labour in the world is south Asia to West Asia – 2005-10
5 million migrants

Flow of products:

International movement of products is facilitated especially for developing countries by
reductions in trade costs (tariffs, transports and time costs)
- Transaction: Improvements in flows of data and ease that capital can be transferred
- Transport and time: Process of containerisation has enabled long distance flows of
products – air transport has also reduced delivery time
- WTO: The WTO have reduced protectionist measures

Flow of services:

Can be divided into
1. High level services: Services to businesses – finance, investment and advertising
2. Low level services: Services to consumers – banking, travel/tourism, customer call
centres
- Services like banking, insurance and advertising are footloose – they can locate
anywhere and advancing technology means they can still serve customers

Higher level services = concentrated in developed world and cities which have global
industrial/financial control
- Growing number of conglomerates have emerged
- Decentralisation of low level services have moved from developed to developing
countries – call centres from UK to India where costs are 20% lower

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through credit card for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying these notes from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller topmarksrevision. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy these notes for £5.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

68175 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy revision notes and other study material for 15 years now

Start selling

Summary

Summary AQA Geography A-Level Revision Notes - Globalisation and Global Systems

Document information

Subjects

Written for

Seller

Reviews received

Content preview