Summary
Summary human rights flash cards
- Module
- Human rights
- Institution
- OCR
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HUMAN RIGHTS (Paper 2 - Human Interactions)Revision 1
Revision 2
Revision 3
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Warning: This checklist is the minimum knowledge that is required to do well in this examination.
In addition, you must be able to demonstrate skills of observation, explanation and evaluation,
and in order to achieve the highest marks you will need to extend your understanding of each
aspect of the topic beyond what is stated here.
What is meant by human rights?
Understanding of what is meant by human rights
Understanding the terms norms, intervention and geopolitics in relation to human rights issues • Describe and explain spatial patterns of human rights shown
• Explain the (social/economic/political) factors that influence
Current spatial patterns of forced labour / maternal mortality rates / capital punishment • Evaluate the influence of (social/economic/political) factors in
Factors that influence global variations of forced labour / MMR / capital punishment
What are the variations in women’s rights?
Economic / political / social factors to explain the variation in patterns of gender inequality • Explain how (social/economic/political) factors influence var
The challenges of educational opportunity / access to reproductive health services / employment • Evaluate the influence of (social/economic/political factors in
CASE STUDY = INDIA (Women’s rights)
The gender inequality issues that are apparent in India
• With reference to a located example, explain the consequenc
The consequences of gender inequality on Indian society
• Evaluate the extent to which challenges exist in the promotio
Evidence of changing norms and strategies to address gender inequality issues
What are the strategies for global governance of human rights?
How the violation of human rights can be a cause of conflict e.g. access to education and
discrimination
• Explain how human rights are promoted and protected. [8]
How the violation of human rights can be a consequence of conflict and how this can be
• ‘Human rights violations can be a cause and consequence of c
addressed through geopolitical intervention
The role of flows of people, money, ideas and technology in geopolitical intervention
CASE STUDY = AFGHANISTAN (Global governance of human rights in an area of conflict )
, What is meant by human rights? (1)
What is meant by HUMAN RIGHTS? What is FORCED LABOUR?
• Human rights are the basic rights and freedoms that belong to every person in the world, from birth until death. • The term forced labour, as described by the In
They apply regardless of where you are from, what you believe or how you choose to live your life. persons are coerced to work through the use
• Human rights can never be taken away, although they can sometimes be restricted – for example if a person accumulation of debt, retention of identity p
breaks the law, or in the interests of national security. • Almost 21 million people are victims of forced
• These basic rights are based on values like dignity, fairness, equality, respect and independence. But human rights boys many of whom were coerced and trappe
are not just abstract concepts – they are defined and protected by law. In Britain our human rights are protected • Of that 21 million people, 5.5 million are belo
by the Human Rights Act 1998. • 18.7 million victims are exploited by private i
forced sexual exploitation (and actually wome
victims of forced labour in economic activities
What is the UNIVERSAL DECLARATION of Human Rights? • The remaining 2.2 million (10% of the total 21
in prisons, or in work imposed by the state mi
• The Universal Declaration of Human Rights is the foundation for the modern human rights which are part of UK • Southeast Asia has the highest level of forced
law. Described as ‘the foremost statement of the rights and freedoms of all human beings’, it was adopted by percentages of enslaved populations in the w
the General Assembly of the United Nations in 1948.
• It represents the first international agreement on the basic principles of human rights. The Declaration is based on
dignity, equality and fairness. In an introduction and 30 ‘Articles’ that express the obligations of Member States, it
sets out a range of rights and freedoms to which everyone, everywhere in the world, is entitled. Examples of these
are the right to life and freedom from torture, inhuman or degrading treatment.
• This Universal Declaration in turn was incorporated in UK law by the Human Rights Act 1998.
What are SOCIAL NORMS?
• Every society has expectations about how its members should and should not behave. A norm is a guideline or
an expectation for behaviour. Each society makes up its own rules for behaviour, but norms change constantly.
• Norms are the established standards of behaviour maintained by a society. For a norm to become significant, it
must be widely shared and understood. For example, in cinemas in the UK, we typically expect that people will be
quiet while the film is shown. In a pub in the UK, it is normal to buy a round of drinks, but in not South Africa.
What is INTERVENTION? Factors influencing the global variation of FORCE
• Intervention is the action taken by the state/group of states to end human rights violations in a foreign Economic:
territory. • Poverty & low wages - 2.5 million people in H
• The UN Security Council is the only body that can legally authorise the use of force. However, there are cost and
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