Psychology essay plan tailored to suit the AQA A-level Specification A syllabus.
The essay plans are colour coded to make revision slightly more interesting.
The essay plans are broken down into A01 and A02 criteria.
The A02 criteria has been broken down into research, approach, issue/debate.
R...
“Outline + evaluate 2 or more psychological therapies
for schizophrenia”
COGNITIVE-BEHAVIOURAL THERAPY (CBT)
A01 –
CBT assumes people often have distorted beliefs which influence their
behaviour in maladaptive ways – e.g. a schizophrenic may believe they are
being controlled by an external force.
Delusions are thought to result from faulty interpretations of events, CBT
can help identify + correct these.
Patients are encouraged to evaluate the content of their delusions +
voices, + consider ways to test the validity of their faulty beliefs.
During CBT, therapist lets patient develop their own alternatives to their
previously maladaptive beliefs.
A02 –
RESEARCH 1 – Gould et al (2001)
POINT – supports CBT as an effective treatment for schizophrenia.
EVIDENCE – meta-analysis of 7 studies. Found a statistically significant decrease
in positive symptoms of schizophrenia after treatment.
EXPLAIN – supports because it shows the CBT was followed by an improvement
of schizophrenic symptoms.
EVALUATE 1 – weakness – meta-analysis – each study may have used different
research methods which may have meant that they cannot be effectively
compared with each other – this would reduce validity of findings.
EVALUATE 2 – weakness – most studies of the effectiveness of CBT have been
conducted with patients who have at the same time been receiving antipsychotic
medication – this makes it difficult to distinguish what effect the CBT is having.
→ this weakens the support this research can provide for CBT as an effective
treatment for schizophrenia.
APPROACH – cognitive
STATE – CBT takes the cognitive approach to psychology.
EXPLAIN – explains behaviour as the result of information processing. Explains
maladaptive behaviours as the result of faulty thinking.
RELATE – cognitive approach would explain schizophrenia as the result of faulty
interpretations of events which cause faulty beliefs.
EVALUATE – weakness – while focusing on internal mental processes, it ignores
the influence that genes can have on thinking + behaviour.
PSYCHODYNAMIC THERAPY - PSYCHOANALYSIS
AO1 -
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