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Summary IB History SL&HL: History Revision - Full Set of Notes
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IB History SL&HL: History Revision - Full Set of Notes
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History Exam Revision DocumentSyllabus Outline:
https://www.slps.org/cms/lib/MO01001157/Centricity/Domain/2503/IB%20HoA%202%20Syllabu
s.pdf
FOR PAPER 2 CONTENT REFER TO THIS DOCUMENT! IT IS DESIGNED TO ANSWER
EXAM QUESTIONS AND IS VERY DETAILED!
Important Note to DP History Students 3
SL Topic 1: Stalin 5
Stalin’s Rise To Power, Ideology and Aims 5
Consolidation of Power 7
Domestic Policy 9
Foreign Policy 13
SL Topic 2: Hitler 15
Impact of WWI & Treaty of Versailles 15
German Revolution 1918-1919 & Weimar Republic 1919-1933 18
Hitler’s Rise to Power & Consolidation of Power 24
Domestic Policies 27
Foreign Policy 30
SL Topic 3: Mussolini 33
SL Topic 4: Cold War 38
SL Topic 4a: Japanese Imperialism 46
International Response to Japanese Nationalism 46
SL Topic 5: Mao 48
Overview 48
Timeline 48
Birth of the CCP 51
Nanjing Decade 1927-37 53
The Long March October 1934-5 53
The Communists at Yanan (1935-45)- Red Army and Rectification Campaign (1942-3) 55
Japanese Occupation of China & Second United Front 55
Chinese Civil War 1945-9 56
P2 - Mao’s Rise to Power 56
P2 - Mao’s Consolidation of Power - Ary 59
Economic and Social Policies 61
HL Topic 1: China 64
Nature of Qing Rule 64
Internal Rebellions 64
, Chinese Tribute System and Western Trade/Diplomatic Missions 65
Taiping Rebellion (1854 - 1864) 66
First and Second Opium War (1856 - 1860) 66
Self Strengthening Movement “Tong Zhi Restoration” from 1861 - 1864 67
Acceleration of Imperialism - Sino-Japanese War (1895) 68
100 Day Reform 68
BOXER REBELLION 70
Xinhai/1010 Revolution (1911) 70
Post Mao 71
HL Topic 2: Japan 77
Tokugawa Shogunate 77
Meiji Restoration 1868 & Era (1868 -1912) 82
Taisho Democracy 1912-1926 89
Japanese Imperialism 92
HL Topic 3: Korea 97
Korea: Isolation to Annexation 97
Korea under Japanese Rule 104
, Important Note to DP History
Students
Hi there! This study guide was created for the IB History HL & SL programme, for the
2017-2025 sessions. The following are included in this study guide:
● Standard level units
○ Move to global war (paper 1)
■ Hitler
■ Mussolini
■ Japan
○ Authoritarian leaders (paper 2)
■ Stalin
■ Hitler
■ Mao
○ Cold war (paper 2)
● Higher level units (paper 3):
○ Challenges to East Asian societies (1700-1868)
○ Early modernisation and imperial decline in East Asia (1860-1912)
○ China and Korea (1910-1950)
○ The People's Republic of China (1949-2005)
For paper 1, I highly recommend studying all the topics, as it has been unpredictable which
topics will come up (with japan appearing as the main topic for a couple exams in a row).
For paper 2, we highly recommend using this document, as some of the tables we
created came up on our final exam for May 2018. The document linked is more detailed
(for certain aspects of paper 2 such as domestic policies, conditions/factors in the rise to
power etc.), and is designed to answer potential exam questions.
For paper 3, please note that some of the SL Mao content can be on paper 3, so it is important
that if you’re an HL student doing PRC, that you know your stuff for Mao in depth!
We hope this helps with revision! Enjoy, bookmark this page as well as this document, and
share these resources with friends and peers!
, SL Topic 1: Stalin
Stalin’s Rise To Power, Ideology and Aims
What methods did Stalin employ to overcome his rivals in the leadership struggle?
● Stalin portrayed himself as Lenin's follower in Soviet propaganda in an effort to justify his
efforts to take power - Lenin was widely revered by the Russian working class and
class-conscious workers world wide, particularly those in the communist parties of
Europe.
● His theory of Socialism in One Country rather than Permanent Revolution was in stark
contrast to the principled socialist stand of Lenin and his internationalist outlook.
● Stalin played one side against the other to take power: First, he allied with Zinoviev and
Kamenev to cover up Lenin’s Will and to get Trotsky dismissed (1925). Trotsky went into
exile (1928). Then, he advocated ‘Socialism in one country’ (he said that the USSR
should first become strong, then try to bring world revolution) and allied with the Rightists
to get Zinoviev and Kamenev dismissed (1927). Stalin put his supporters into the
Politburo. Finally, he argued that the NEP was un-communist, and got Bukharin, Rykov
and Tomsky dismissed (1929).
Conditions in Rise to Power
● Decree on Party Unity 1921
○ Banned formal factions
○ Banned members from putting forward ideas that disagreed from official party
policy
○ Allowed Stalin to promote friends and eliminate foes
● Member of the Politburo and held a powerful position in the Party Apparatus
○ 1922 Stalin was appointed Gen. Sec.
■ Trotsky had no significant power in the party apparatus (was War
Commissar)
● Centralised party machine
○ Traditionally communists did not believe in bureaucracy but due to complexities
of government it forced the party to become more centralised
○ Party decided to have Gen/ Sec. to organise matters – Stalin
■ Allowed Stalin to influence Hob appointments
Factors in Rise to Power
● Trotsky’s Weakness
○ Seen as potential dictator
○ Only joined Bolsheviks in Aug 1917 and was not a loyal member
■ Went hunting during meeting
○ Too high-minded and arrogant
■ Respected but no personal loyalty
■ Seen as person most likely to split party
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