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Summary Gas Exchange - AQA A Level Biology £5.49
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Summary Gas Exchange - AQA A Level Biology
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Gas exchange notes for A level biology. Includes: - surface area : volume ratio - gas exchange systems - gas exchange in humans (including ventilation) - gas exchange in fish - gas exchange in insects - gas exchange in plants

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  • March 6, 2023
  • 12
  • 2022/2023
  • Summary

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GAS EXCHANGE I

, The rate of gas exchange depends on the organism’s surface area that is in contact with
the surroundings


The bigger the organism = the smaller their surface area : volume ratio

As organisms become bigger it becomes more difficult to exchange materials
with their surroundings

Larger organisms need 3 features to survive :

1) Multicellular - their bodies are composed of many small cells, rather than one big cell
2) Mass Transport System - uses energy to pump nutrient solutions quickly around large
bodies. Mass transport systems include blood systems of animals and vascular systems
of plants
3) Specialised Exchange System- (with a large surface area) e.g) lungs, gills, intestines,
roots and leaves




Fick’s Law : Rate of diffusion a surface area x concentration difference
thickness of exchange surface




In order to support a fast rate of diffusion, exchange surfaces must have :
- large surface area
- small distance bet ween source and destination
- mechanism to maintain high concentration gradient

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