These notes cover topics from Microbiology with Diseases by Body System 4th ed.
Vocabulary covered: Abiogenesis (spontaneous generation), The scientific method, Theories/ laws, Facultative Anaerobes, Pasteurization, Idustrial Microbiology, Germ theory of diseases, pathogen, Etiology, Koch’s Post...
• One that has a greater impact or culture and society than that of any disease or
epidemic - was domestication of the yeast used by bakers and Brewers. It's name ,
Saccharomyces cerevisiae meaning "sugar fungus [that makes] beer"
• Scientist use yeast to delve into mysteries of cellular function, organization, and
genetics, making Saccharomyces the most intently studied eukaryotes.
1.6 List and answer 4 questions that propelled research in what is called the "Golden Age of
Microbiology."
1: Is spontaneous generation of microbial life possible?
No, Louis Pasteur showed that broth only became cloudy with bacteria when
exposed to bacteria, not just air, using swan neck flasks to trap bacteria.
2: What causes fermentation?
Louis Pasteur conducted experiments that showed microorganisms caused
fermentation of grape juice, not air. Observed yeast cells arising from other
yeast cells, showing that life comes from life. He discovered the ability of
yeast to ferment grape juice both in the presence and absence of oxygen &
he developed a method of heating grape juice to preserve flavor, but prevent
fermentation (pasteurization)
3: What causes disease?
Pasteur's findings that life arises from life gave rise to the germ theory of
disease in which pathogens (specific germs) are responsible for diseases.
Robert Koch developed the 4 principles to guide scientists in isolating a
disease causing pathogen.
4: How can we prevent infection and diseases?
Ignaz Semmelweis
first to notice correlation between hand washing with chlorinated I me
water and a decried incidence of infection.
Joseph Lister
instituted sterilization of wounds with a phenol
Florence Nightingale
pioneered for sanitary conditions in hospital wards, including removing
dirty clothes of patients to remove sources of infection.
John Snow
noticed need for clean water and adequate sewage treatment to stop
outbreaks of Cholera.
Edward Jenner
created vaccination to prevent the spread of diseases by injecting small
particles of the virus into people to create an immune response.
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