IB Psychology HL IA - Investigating the effect of rehearsal time on memory (Peterson & Peterson 1959)
93 views 1 purchase
Module
IB Psychology HL
Institution
This document is an IB Psychology paper for the IB International Baccalaureate board, it is an IA that got a very high score. It investigates the effect of rehearsal time on memory retrieval and is a replication of a study on the same topic by Peterson and Peterson (1959). This can help you get a h...
Introduction
Memory is defined as the faculty of the brain associated with encoding, storing, and retrieving
information (Squire, 2009). Research on memory has led to the formation of several models of
memory including the Multi-store Model (MSM) proposed by Atkinson & Shiffrin (1968).
According to the MSM theory, human memory can be divided into three simple sections or
‘stores’ of memory; sensory memory, short-term memory and long-term memory (Atkinson &
Shiffrin, 1968). Information is considered to be transferred through these stores in a systematic
order; short term memory acts as a temporary store for information originally received by
sensory memory, and has the ability to store and recall things but its capacity is limited to 7±2
chunks (independent items of information) (Miller, 1956). Information is stored in short-term
memory (STM) for no longer than 30 seconds and begins to decay with time if not rehearsed.
Rehearsal is essential in consolidating the memory trace and moving it from the STM into long-
term memory where it is retained permanently.
Peterson and Peterson (1959) conducted a lab experiment to test the Multi-store Model with the
aim of investigating the decay of memory in the short-term memory store as a result of decreased
rehearsal. They hypothesized that information which is not rehearsed is quickly lost from short-
term memory. Participants were presented with trigrams (meaningless three-consonant syllables
e.g. TNJ, QLR) one at a time and asked to recall them after retention intervals of 3, 6, 9, 12, 15
and 18 seconds. During each interval, participants were made to perform an interference task
(counting backwards from a specified random number) in order to prevent rehearsal and then
were asked to freely recall the trigrams. The results showed that as the time intervals started
getting longer, the participants’ ability to recall the trigrams declined. Peterson and Peterson
concluded that when information is not rehearsed it begins to rapidly decay from the STM and as
a result doesn’t get passed to the long term memory store, thus providing support for the Multi-
store Model. A study conducted by Brown J. (1958) also obtained similar results.
Modeled after Peterson & Peterson’s study mentioned above, the current study aims to
investigate the effect of decreasing rehearsal time on the mean number of words (trigrams)
accurately recalled from the short-term memory store among Indian high school students.
Investigating this topic on high school students can help gain deeper insight on techniques to
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller arushisingh2. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for £6.15. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
