Lecture notes
Critical care introduction
- Module
- Pharmacy (MPHARM)
- Institution
- University Of Hertfordshire
Critical care introduction for pharmacy and medical students
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Introduction to critical care - 25.10⚡ Learning outcomes:
What is critical care?
Levels of critical care
Role of pharmacists in critical care
Reviewing patients
Reviewing medications
⚡ What is critical care?
🌹 Definition - Medical care for people who have life-threatening injuries and illnesses.
It usually takes place in an intensive care unit (ICU).
A team of specially-trained health care providers give 24-hour care.
Includes using machines to constantly monitor your vital signs
You need critical care if you have a life-threatening illness or injury, such as:
Severe burns
COVID-19
Heart attack
Heart failure
Kidney failure
People recovering from certain major surgeries
Respiratory failure
Sepsis
Severe bleeding
Serious infections
Serious injuries, such as from car crashes, falls, and shootings
Shock
Stroke
In a critical care unit, health care providers use lots of different equipment, including:
Introduction to critical care - 25.10 1
, Catheters, flexible tubes used to get fluids into the body or to drain fluids from the body.
Dialysis machines ("artificial kidneys") for people with kidney failure.
Feeding tubes, which give nutritional support.
Intravenous (IV) tubes to give fluids and medicines.
Machines which check vital signs and display them on monitors.
Oxygen therapy to give extra oxygen to breathe in.
Tracheostomy tubes, which are breathing tubes. The tube is placed in a surgically made hole that goes through the front of the neck and into
the windpipe.
Ventilators (breathing machines), which move air in and out of the lungs. This is for people who have respiratory failure.
🌹 References:
National Library of Medicine (n.d.). Critical care. Retrieved … from https://medlineplus.gov/criticalcare.html
Mark Borthwick, M., Sapsford, D., Hanks, F., Barton, G., & McKenzie, Dr. C. (n.d.). Introduction to Critical Care: A COVID19 Rapid
Response Document: Version 2. Retrieved … from https://www.uhb.nhs.uk/coronavirus-staff/clinical-info-pathways/clinical-info-pathways-
downloads/Introduction to Critical Care COVID19 for Pharmacy.pdf
Aims of critical care:
To preserve life and prevent, reverse or minimise damage to vital organs.
To optimise cardiovascular and respiratory function to maximise oxygen delivery to tissues.
🌹 References:
Boxall, E. & Barton, G. (2020). Fundamentals of critical care. Retrieved … from https://www.rpharms.com/Portals/0/RPS document
library/Open access/Coronavirus/Crit care Basic Training 2020 v2.0.pdf?ver=2020-04-13-161500-400
⚡ Levels of critical care
Introduction to critical care - 25.10 2
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