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Summary WJEC (Wales) Unit 1 Biology Water and inorganic ions notes
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Notes are written for Unit 1 biology examination
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Water and Inorganic ionsKey terms:
Term Definition
Atom The smallest constituent unit of ordinary matter that has the properties of a
chemical element
Element A substance made up of only one type of atom
Molecule 2/more atoms chemically bonded tgt (e.g. O2, H2O, CH3CH2OH)
Compound 2/more elements chemically bonded tgt
Organic compound Compound containing C & H and produced by a living organism
Inorganic compound Compound not containing C & H and not produced by a living organism
Macronutrient Nutrient that is required by a living organism in small amounts e.g. Fe, Ca
Micronutrient Nutrient that is required by a living organism in trace concentrations e.g. Cu, Zn
Inorganic ions:
Plants Animals
2+
Mg Magnesium is a part of the chlorophyll Important for bones & teeth or organisms
molecule.
Lack -> chlorosis, yellow leaves
Photosynthesis is thus reduced.
Fe2+ Needed for synthesise of chlorophyll Needed for Hb (haemoglobin) in RBCs
Lack -> chlorosis Lack -> anaemia
Phosphate Make DNA, RNA, ATP, membranes Make DNA, RNA, ATP, membranes
ions (PO43-)
Ca2+ Strengthen & support middle lamellae For bones & teeth
Lack -> wilting & poor cell growth Lack -> osteoporosis/rickets
Metabolism
Anabolic – building up molecules e.g. protein synthesis, photosynthesis
Catabolic – breaking down molecules e.g. digestion of food, decomposition
Polymers & Monomers
Biological compound General name of General name of Other notes
monomer polymer
Proteins Amino acids Polypeptide Contains peptide bonds
Carbohydrates Monosaccharides Polysaccharides Glyosidic bond
Nucleic acids Nucleotide Polynucleotide Make up DNA, RNA, ATP
Lipids Fatty acids Triglycerides Contains ester bond
Glycerol Phospholipids
Water - - Not monomer or polymer
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