Summary
Summary Attachment
- Module
- Social Psychology
- Institution
- Nottingham Trent University (NTU)
Defining attachment styles and social behaviour. Everything about attachment
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Human attachment & evolution• Humans are born into the world in an extremely vulnerable,
defenceless state
• This is thanks to our species’ large brain size – human babies
are born long before their brain development is complete
• Need for intensive, proximal care during early childhood
• A LONG childhood period
• 12 years until puberty
• Continuing brain development even at 25 years of age
• Still today, we see “cooperative breeding” of a child by
many adults in several cultures.
Hrdy, S. B. (1946). Mothers and Others: The Evolutionary Origins of Mutual Understanding. London: Belknap. Keller, H. (2013). Attachment and culture, J of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 44
, Human attachment & evolution
Smaers, J. B. et al. (2021). The evolution of mammalian brain size. Science Advances. Doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abe2101
, Human attachment & evolution
Time until sexual maturity:
• Gorilla: 7-8 years (17.5% – 20% of
lifetime)
• Baboon: 5-8 years (16% - 27% of
In brain mass (g)
lifetime)
• Lemurs: 20 months (16% - 25% of
lifetime)
• Humans: 13 – 17 years (32% - 43%
In body mass (g)
lifetime)
• As brain – body proportion increases
does the time taken until sexual
maturity
Smaers, J. B. et al. (2021). The evolution of mammalian brain size. Science Advances. Doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abe2101
• This creates a need for elongated
childhood period and care by adults
, Human attachment & evolution
• It takes a village…
• for a human baby to grow into adulthood
• In our evolutionary history, not only biological
parents, but also other family members have
cared for a growing human infant.
• This creates a need for the infant to bond with
adults who are in a position to care for them.
• Evolutionary pressures underlying the need for
attachment to primary caregivers!
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