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Unit 4 AC3.2 criminology WJEC Flashcards £3.49
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Unit 4 AC3.2 criminology WJEC Flashcards

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Flashcards that were created and used by two A* students who both received 100% in the final Unit 4 exam. Detailed description and definitions, along with associated images and prompts. These notes are in a FLASHCARD format designed for students who want to achieve TOP grades by testing themselves ...

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  • June 14, 2023
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Unit 4 crime and punishment




AC3.2
AC 3.2: Discuss the
contribution of agencies to
achieving social control
QUESTION


Contribution:
Tactics and measures used by agencies:
Environmental:
• CPTED




:
• Gated lanes
• Prison design
Behavioural:
• ASBO
-



• Token economy
I


Institutional/ Disciplinary procedures:
• Rule making
• Staged sanctions
-



Gaps in state provision


ANSWER

, Environmental tactics: CPTED
Crime prevention through environmental design


Describe how CPTED
achieves social
control (6) and-
-




i S
QUESTION ////
One environmental measure is CPTED this theory is based on the idea that crime results from the opportunities
presented by the physical environment and so C. Ray Jeffery believes it should be possible to alter the physical
environment, so that less crime can occur.
For example, ensuring that buildings have open spaces with strong lighting to provide clear visibility (both inside
and outside) enables potential offenders to be seen early and limits places for them to hide, increasing the
potential of getting caught which deters potential offenders.

An example would be the Birmingham Bullring market which installed improved lighting to enhance natural
surveillance and the used the widening of space between stalls to deflect offenders. This lead to a reduce in thefts
who thrived in covered markets with poor lighting and close stalls. Therefore using CPTED can improve social
control.

CPTED comprises five principles:
● Physical security: the measures which are used on individual dwellings to ensure that they withstand attack.
● Surveillance: design ensuring that residents are able to observe the areas surrounding their home. Surveillance
can be facilitated by ensuring that front doors face onto the street; that areas are well illuminated and blank walls
are avoided.
● Movement control: the restriction of access, egress and through movement. High levels of through movement
allow offenders to access and egress an area; permits identification of targets and increases anonymity.
● Management and maintenance: the processes are in place to ensure that a development is aree from signs of
disorder. This signals that the area is cared for.
● Defensible space: the ownership of space in a neighbourhood should be clearly defined. For example: public
(e.g. pavement); semi-public (e.g. front garden); semi-private (e.g. rear garden) and private (e.g. inside the home).

ANSWER

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