Summary
Summary OCR A LEVEL CHEMISTRY - ORGANIC FUNCTIONAL GROUPS TESTS
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- OCR
A short summary of organic function groups test required for OCR A-Level Chemistry (UK)
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OrganicFunctional Tests
Alkenes
Add bromine water and shake Alcohols
Positive result – bromine water Carboxylic acid
Add dilute sulfuric acid and drops of
decolourises (orange to colourless) Add sodium carbonate acidified potassium dichromate (VI)
Br Positive result – Water bath at 50˚C
Br2
efflorescence Positive result –
CH3COOH + Na2CO3 CH3COONa + primary alcohol – orange to green
Br H2O + CO2 Secondary alcohol – remains orange
Tertiary alcohol can’t be oxidised
CH3CH2OH + [O] CH3CHO + H2O
Haloalkane Carbonyls (aldehydes and ketones)
Heat with NaOH + ethanol Add Brady’s reagent
Acidify with nitric acid then add AgNO3 Positive result – orange precipitate formed
Positive result – AgX (X=halogen) precipitate
Aldehyde
formed
Ag+ + Br- AgBr Add tollens reagent and place the test-tubes in a water bath
(50˚C)
ion present observation Positive result – silver mirror formed
Cl- white precipitate
Br- very pale cream precipitate CH3CH2CHO + [O] CH3CH2COOH + Ag
I- very pale yellow precipitate
Ketones will have no change to this test
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