Summary

Cognitive explanations of offending summary

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Module
A level Psychology

Institution
A Level Psychology

This document is a one page summary of the cognitive explanations of offending within psychology. It describes the main explanations found, with the main evaluation points. These singular pages are perfect for exam season and to boost your knowledge.

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Uploaded on July 3, 2023
Number of pages 1
Written in 2021/2022
Type Summary

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psychological explanations

KOHLBERG
In order to study offending behaviour, These are errors and biases in people's information
Kohlberg compiled a study with 72 processing systems thinking.
characterised by faulty

chicago boys,aged 10-16 years, 58 of

whom were followed up later on. Hostile Attribution Bias-this is where offenders misread
Each boy was given 10 cileinmas non-aggressive cues as
being aggressive, triggering a

including Heinz's dilemma. He looked violentresponse.

closely at the reasons the boys gave for
~
their answers. Schonenberg - Justye -

offenders percieved the

ambiguous facial expressions as hostile more than controls.

From his findings he compiled 3
distinct levels of recisoning which can Minimalisation -

Downplaying the seriousness of
an

listed and event.
only be passed in the order

each new stage replaces the old reasoning.
~ Barbaree-54% denied their crimes and 40%
rape
Age Level moral reasoning minimised the crimes.

Repeated morals of
the
pre-
9 ~ Pollock Hashmall- 35% of
child molesters claimed
conventional parents.I would I
get
- -

away with it? their acts to be 'affectionateand 36% said the
-

child consented.
adults Internalising the morals
-
conventional
young of
models and doing what
adults makes youlook good. Overall
-
15% POSt morality is based on the
of conventional overall outcome ~ distortions has
on everyone. Cog helped in the treatmentof
over 20s
offenders through rehab.

Offenders are stuck atpreconventional levels as Reduced distortions were found after therapy,

they only whether
think about they would getreducing reoffending.
away with it.

~ Chandler -> offenders tend to be more egocentric
with poor perspective-taking skills.

~ Palmer and Hollin -

delinquentgroup showed less
moral reasoning than controls when faced with the

dilemmas.

The
x dilemmas are artificial.

X The
sample is placed and androcentric (reflecting
male morality on females).

X
Hypothetical dilemmas.

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