ENG 105 Quiz #2 (All solved)

What is the difference between an assumption and an argument correct answers Arguments must be grounded in beliefs, assumptions (must be unstated), or values held by the audience rather than abstract universal statements. What is the core of an argument called? correct answers Enthymeme What is the term for an incomplete logical structure? correct answers Enthymeme How do you complete an enthymeme? correct answers A because clause attached to the claim is an enthymeme. You must fill in the missing premise behind it and articulate it. This premise or underlying assumption must be something that the audience grants. You should always use "blank"-based reasons. correct answers Audience How does Toulmin's courtroom model differ from formal logic? correct answers 1. all assertions and assumptions are contestable by "opposing counsel" 2. all final "verdicts" about the persuasiveness of an argument will be rendered by a neutral third party, a judge, or a jury. What is the name for the underlying assumption used to complete an enthymeme? correct answers Warrant What do we use to give our arguments body and weight? correct answers grounds and backing What is the term for the supporting evidence (facts, data, statistics, etc) that causes an audience to accept your reason? correct answers Grounds What is the term for the argument that supports the warrant? correct answers Backing What is the goal of backing? correct answers to persuade the audience to accept the warrant What do conditions of rebuttal (counterarguments) do? correct answers They remind the writer to look at their arguments from the perspective of skeptics What is the term for words used to limit the force of a claim and indicate the degree of its possible truth? Give examples. correct answers A qualifier: very likely, probably, maybe, etc. What are the strengths of using data from personal experience as evidence? correct answers 1. helps readers identify with the writer and show the writer's personal connection to the issue 2. vivid stories capture the imagination and appeal to pathos What are the weaknesses of using data from personal experience as evidence? correct answers Skeptics may argue that this evidence is insufficient, not typical, or not adequately scientific or verifiable