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Lecture notes

The Nervous System class notes

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Full detail class notes on The Nervous system! Everything you could need to know to pass this section of the exam. I've included diagram pictures, definitions and organised sections. I recommend using these notes alongside a revision tactic such as flashcards or a mind map :) I included some wa...

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  • August 8, 2023
  • 8
  • 2023/2024
  • Lecture notes
  • Dr kirsti newton
  • All classes

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The Nervous System – Class Notes

What is the Nervous system?
 Works with the Endocrine system to maintain an ideal internal
environment.
 Transmits electrical impulses known as action potentials, across
neurons.


How to Remember the order of a response:
S = Stimuli
R = Receptor
S = Sensory Neuron
R = Relay Neuron
M = Motor Neuron
E = Effector
R = Response


Chant “S R S R M E R”




CNS  Brain & Spinal Cord
Nervous system 
PNS  Cranial and Spinal Nerves & Sensory Organs




Neuroglia: Support, nourish and protect neurons whilst maintaining
interstitial fluid (Interstitial fluid bathes the neurons)

, Neurons are NOT nerves!!!!!  REMEMBER


Nerve = A bundle of neurons
Neuron = A specialized cell in the nervous system


Structure of a Neuron:
Axon


Dendrites




Cell body




Cell Body = Contains the cells organelles (Mitochondria, Ribosomes, RER
and Nucleus)
Dendrites = Receive Info from other neurons
Axon = Capable of creating an electrical impulse (Action Potential).
Contains axoplasm and no ribosomes so no protein is made
Collaterals = Branches of the axon
Telodendria = Where axon and collaterals end


Myelin Sheath:
 Layer covering the axon
 Produced by neuroglia cells (Oligodendrocytes & Schwann)
 Insulates axon increasing speed of conduction
 Nodes of Ranvier = Gaps in myelin sheath




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