Chapter 03: The Influence of Contemporary Trends and Issues on Nursing Education
Test Bank
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A current trend is for students to be evaluated to determine whether they demonstrate competence in the actual client care environment or with a standardized patient. This process o...
,Chapter 01: The Evolution of Professional Nursing
Test Bank
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Clara Barton is known for:
a. becoming the first African-American public health nurse.
b. establishing the Henry Street Settlement.
c. founding the American Red Cross.
d. publicizing the inadequacies of hospital-based nursing schools.
ANS: C
Correct: The American Red Cross, founded by Clara Barton in 1882, assisted in efforts to
continue public health nursing.
Incorrect:
a. Jessie Sleet Scales was the first African-American public health nurse.
b. Lillian Wald, a pioneer in public health nursing, is best known for the development and
establishment of the Henry Street Settlement.
d. The Goldmark Report criticized the inadequacies of hospital-based nursing schools and
recommended enhanced educational standards.
DIF: Knowledge REF: p. 12
2. Which bill provided for construction of new hospitals?
a. Social Security Act
b. Hill-Burton Act
c. Sheppard-Towner Act
d. U.S. Civil Service Act
ANS: B
Correct: The purpose of the Hill-Burton Act was to provide funding to construct hospitals and
to help states in plan for other health care facilities in accordance with the needs of
communities.
Incorrect:
a. The main purposes of the 1935 Social Security Act were to provide (1) a national insurance
system for older adults; (2) monies to states for maternal and child welfare services; (3)
vocational rehabilitation services for the physically and mentally challenged; (4) medical care
for crippled children and blind people; (5) a plan to boost public health services; and (6) a
federal/state unemployment system.
c. The Sheppard-Towner Act provided federal aid for maternal and child health care.
d. The U.S. Civil Service Act is landmark U.S. legislation establishing the tradition and
mechanism of permanent federal employment based on merit rather than on political party
affiliation (the spoils system).
DIF: Knowledge REF: p. 14
3. The practice of public health nursing and the Henry Street Settlement are credited to:
a. Mary Breckenridge.
b. Mary Seacole.
c. Clara Barton.
, d. Lillian Wald.
ANS: D
Correct: Lillian Wald, a pioneer in public health nursing, is best known for the development
and establishment of the Henry Street Settlement.
Incorrect:
a. Mary Breckenridge of Kentucky established the Frontier Nursing Service in 1925.
b. Mary Seacole was an African-American nurse who provided care during the Crimean War.
c. Clara Barton founded the American Red Cross in 1882.
DIF: Knowledge REF: p. 11
4. Occupational health nursing features beliefs similar to those of which early nursing pioneer?
a. Lillian Wald
b. Florence Nightingale
c. Clara Barton
d. Mary Seacole
ANS: A
Correct: Lillian Wald developed the first nursing service for occupational health.
Incorrect:
b. Florence Nightingale is best known for contributions made during the Crimean War, efforts
to improve sanitation and public health, use of statistics to provide support for health
outcomes, and organization of nurse training.
c. Clara Barton founded the American Red Cross.
d. Mary Seacole was an African-American nurse who served during the Crimean War.
DIF: Comprehension REF: p. 11
5. What historical event first led to the recognition of the contribution of African Americans to
nursing?
a. Florence Nightingale’s acceptance of African-American nurses into the first
nursing school
b. The contributions of African-American nurses at the Pennsylvania Hospital, the
first hospital in America
c. Mary Seacole’s efforts to care for soldiers during the Crimean War
d. The work done by wives of wealthy African-American nobles who carried food
and medicine from house to house during the Middle Ages
ANS: C
Correct: Although Nightingale’s school refused Seacole, she was able to make a difference in
the Crimean War and later was recognized for her efforts.
Incorrect:
a. Florence Nightingale’s efforts during the Crimean War were valuable and recognized, but
she would not allow Seacole to join her in her efforts.
b. Pennsylvania Hospital, the first hospital in America, was founded in 1751; Seacole’s efforts
in the Crimean War did not occur until 100 years later.
d. The wives of noblemen who carried food and medicine were not uniquely African
American.
DIF: Application REF: p. 9
, 6. World War I contributed to the advancement of health care by:
a. increasing the number of private care hospitals and decreasing the role of public
health services.
b. employing a large number of civilians to provide care to returning soldiers through
the Red Cross.
c. introducing specialists in nursing such as nurse anesthetists.
d. increasing the number of community health nurses.
ANS: C
Correct: World War I offered nurses a chance to enter into new fields of specialization, as is
seen in the example of nurse anesthetists, who became part of surgical teams at the front lines.
Incorrect:
a. As advancements in public health were made, the primary site for medical care moved from
the home to the hospital.
b. The Red Cross initially provided care to communities in which access was limited and
eventually moved to urban areas.
d. Many nurses were needed in the war effort, which caused the growth in community health
nursing to halt.
DIF: Application REF: p. 11
7. The primary purpose of the Social Security Act of 1935 was to:
a. increase research that focused on minority groups.
b. provide medical care for chemically impaired persons.
c. ensure health care for older adults through a national insurance system.
d. decrease the public’s financial burden by limiting services offered by local health
departments.
ANS: C
Correct: By providing health insurance for older adults, the Social Security Act of 1935 set
the precedent for the passage of the Medicare and Medicaid acts that followed in 1965, but the
act also provided maternal and child welfare services, rehabilitation for the mentally and
physically challenged, medical care for blind individuals and crippled children, and
unemployment benefits.
Incorrect:
a. Increasing research for minorities was not one of the purposes of the Social Security Act of
1935.
b. The care of persons with substance abuse problems was not one of the first purposes
addressed by the Social Security Act.
d. The Social Security Act provided a means by which women and children could receive
care, thus increasing the number of public health nurses and services offered.
DIF: Comprehension REF: p. 13
8. A client asks the nurse, “Can you explain Medicare, an amendment to the Social Security
Act?” The nurse responds that Medicare:
a. led to many hospital closings, along with a decrease in acute care hospital–based
nursing care.
b. provided medical insurance to those younger adults or children who were not
eligible for private insurance because of catastrophic illnesses such as cancer.
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