Revision activities for Civil Rights
TIPS- Make sure you get hold of the following revision guide- My Revision Notes: OCR A-Level History Civil
Rights in USA 1865 to 1992 by Mike Wells and Nicholas Fellows
TASK 1- Create a timeline for each civil rights group from 1865 to 1992. Highlight examples of campaigning, approaches of federal power, economic change
and social change in different colours
TASK 2- Preparing for 30 mark questions:
See the attached powerpoints. Add facts in each of the columns . These facts should have dates.
GO TO BOOK AND REVISE THE REST (HIGHLIGHTED IN BOOK)
FACT BANK Gilded Age 1900-1930 New Deal- 50s (not for a 30 marker) - Black Power- how did this
(not for 30 marker) must keep in time frame affect the civil rights group?
for 30 marker.
African Continuity: 1950s America: Race Riots took place in cities such as
American 1. Discrimination Chicago in 1965-8.
Aftermath of American- -Many Southern states still
Race Riots (1965-1968) –
Civil War. The war ended in 2. Conflict/violence in adopted Jim Crow Laws.
Problems 1865 the cities. Race These laws segregated • Los Angeles, California – August,
riots 1919 Chicago public places e.g. parks, 1965
that this
Reconstruction 1865-1877
group schools etc. • Long-term causes –
1906, 11 black people
faced in • Reconstruction. - a poverty,
were killed, and dozens -black Americans were discrimination, and
this huge change
of buildings were burnt often intimidated in some police brutality
period?
-Tension between the north down in a riot in states especially in • Immediate cause –
Atlanta. Mississippi. Only 5% of the African American
LOTS OF and the south.
pulled over – his
THE RED IS -between the wishes of federal black population in
power and state government. brother wanted to
SOCIAL Mississippi registered for drive car home but
the vote. police officer called
impound lot – brother
,Reconstruction is a good 1908 =Springfield Riot -Law officers not only and mother arrested
nuance point. +/- in theory //a violent attack on failed to stop attacks, more during argument –
crowd gathered
reconstruction was good, African Americans. often than not, they • 14,000 troops were
because AA given more participated in attacks needed to keep order
rights through -An allegation of rape
against African Americans. and over 4,000 people
constitutional change. was made ( a African were arrested.
American man 1950s America • Several days of arson
In reality, success committed this crime and looting
-Blacks Americans faced • National Guard called
depended on the against a white
discrimination in the in to restore order
presidents outlook- woman). As a result,
Johnson appeasing the workplace and in • 35 dead and over
there was a violent 1,000 wounded
south and -political education. In the south,
attack on AA. The
presentation of the unions white teachers earned 30% • Newark, New Jersey – July,1967
police refused to hand
was deemed more more than black teachers.
in the accused man as • Long-term causes –
important that AA civil a result, black Italian-Americans
rights. dominated local
homes/businesses
were attacked. CIVIL RIGHTS LEGISLATION, politics despite a large
CONTINUITY= Supreme 1957 black population –
court was hostile. 1865 to 84 year old William blacks also suffered
1938 (Gaines Vs Canada) Donnegan was lynched CAVEAT – only 20% of from poverty, poor
African Americans had housing,
-Facilities must be equal. because he was discrimination, and
married to a white registered to vote.
police brutality
there was still woman by 32 years. • Immediate cause –
CIVIL RIGHTS ACT 1960
discrimination. In many incapacitated African
respects,African- Sig? Springfield was Both Eisenhower’s civil American seen being
Americans were where Lincoln had taken to police station
rights acts only added an
lived. and rumors spread
excluded and in the extra 3% black voters to that he’d been killed
South, there was the electoral roll for the while in police
widespread 1909- NAACP
( National Association 1960 election. custody
disfranchisement. • 26 dead and hundreds
for the Advancement Eisenhower and civil rights wounded
Reconstruction
• Detroit, Michigan – July, 1967
amendments = did trigger
, white supremacy and more of Coloured People) • Civil rights • Long-term causes –
hostility towards AAs. i.e police brutality,
was set up in May. legislation
poverty, and poor
KKK, Jim crow laws, black housing
codes, lynching. • Civil rights Act
• Immediate cause –
Attitudes Jim Crow Laws- 1957 police raid on a blind
1919 Chicago race riot = pig (speakeasy)
of federal Segregation rules for the
• Civil rights Act • $50 million in
power? South.….
A teenage black boy 1960- property damage
went into the white only Acknowledges • 43 deaths and
hundreds of injuries
-White supremacy was area. -The boy was barriers to voting- Race Riots (1965-68) Shows that
largely a reaction to the stoned, drowned. penalties for situation was still bad for AA and
civil war and shows the obstruction discrimination continued.- the 60s
negative reaction to 13 days of violence. not actually a positive turning point
The fact that there were 3 as if you still have the presence of
reconstruction. //evidence violent in shows a lack of law and
Irish police workers acts passed in the space of
to show reconstruction attacked black ghettoes. order - that the laws were ineffective
three years shows they
did more harm than good. were not that effective.
By the end, 38 were dead
White Supremacy was a
(23 Blacks, 15 whites), Ultimately it did not Problems ? Divided aims and tactics
barrier to legislation that 537 injured, and 1,000 amplified by Martin LK and Malcolm
deliver that much change - X.
was implemented and Black families made
you still have big barriers There is still inequality in work place.
undermined the efforts of homeless.
like literacy tests that are - That rise coincides with MLK fall-
Congress; For example…. they are so divided in their goals and
still in existence and it
-Ghettoes developed in type of protest they want to do.
a)Black Codes takes the emergence of
cities. Segregation had
individuals like Martin 1. Methods of protest
-introduced in 1866- A moved north.
Luther King to change Non-violent vs violent
year after American Civil attitudes - so much
The ghetto experience GOALS / AIMS
war ends. resistance from south. 1. Martin Luther King Jr
shifted into education.
wanted equality
•A set of regulations
which enforced white Supreme court cases= V.s Black supremacy
supremacy and The horror of the
Chicago Race Riot The more critical outlook on the NOI
undermined the civil passed into the black power
helped shock the nation
, rights of African out of indifference to its 1950 case = Sweat v movement, and by 1964 the civil
Americans. growing racial conflict. Painter – challenge to rights movement was losing its unity.
educational segregation. The Problems of Black Power- For
=Marriages were allowed the typical SCLC supporters the step
but inter-racial marriage 3. Barrier- state US 1954 Brown Vs Board of towards Black power was a
was outlawed. Property federal power education hindrance in the Civil Rights
could be owned (but movement. The violence and
4. Rights in theory vs -outlawed racial militancy of the Black power
usually not affordable) practise - some segregation in schools. movement was a step back for the
and legal rights were people not civil rights movements.
limited. However, African following it. Sig? every child went to
Black power threw up uncertainties
Americans were not school so every African which meant the Civil Rights
allowed to vote and Despite the efforts of American family was movement had to rethink itself
education was only presidents, the Jim Crow affected by Brown.
laws endorsed segregation Negative turning point= use of
available in segregated
Brown v. Board of violence is damaging the credibility
schools. and organised violence by of the movement as a whole.
white racists was Education was one of the
-shows the power of state widespread. cornerstones of the civil
governments rights movement, and The achievements of the civil rights
helped establish the legislations began to look as limited
-regulations are all about as the achievements of
precedent that “separate- reconstruction in promoting a
undermining the rights of but-equal” education and harmonious society. The groups were
Aas. other services were not, in divided in aim - It was different to
Progressive= Presidents
like Theodore Roosevelt fact, equal at all. what King was promoting which was
-shows federal power is non-violent AAs.
(1901-1909) show more Turning point =
limited.
Segregation in schools was After that you don't see federal
commitment to improving
b)Ku Klux Klan unconstitutional = Could power enhancing civil rights
society.
compare and link to 1896 movement.
-This was a terrorist -He Liased with Booker T Plessy - "separate - -Could be because of the big split.
organisation which was Washington about the supporting segregation. -worry of going under a glass ceiling.
formed in 1865 in situation of African 1938 Gaines vs Canada - Campaigners can see protest but
Tennessee. It was set up in Americans. "Equal facilities" (not good can't get their due to barriers- these
reaction to black freedom. enough) barriers are division
