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Summary Stuart Britain revision notes.

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Revision notes for key events, key questions, and key people for the period 1625-29 of the EDEXCEL Britain A-Level course.

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  • September 2, 2023
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A-Level History Revision Notes – Britain.




Part 01: 1625-29. The Three Parliaments.


Key Events (1625-29).




1625
 Charles’ 1’st parliament -1625
o Parliament was quite unhappy for the following reasons:
o The Mansfeld expedition (led by Buckingham) was an embarrassing failure and
exposed Charles’ weaknesses as a king.
o Montague published his book which claimed that all MPs supported Catholicism.
o Charles’ advisor (and his father’s lover) Buckingham was very controversial, with
many MPs viewing him as having too much control and influence over the King.


The Spanish Match (1623)
 Buckingham and Charles travelled to Spain unannounced and in disguise to find a
wife for Charles to marry.
 The mission failed due to Charles’ fiery temper and inability to compromise.
 Charles and Buckingham went back to England and convinced (the then King)
James to declare war on Spain, leading to the French Match which provided a wife.
 James I died in March of 1625, with Charles becoming king soon after.


The French Match
 Charles I married French princess, Henrietta Maria in May 1625
 This marriage worried parliament, as the King’s wife was a catholic.
 The terms of the marriage were equally unpopular:
o Charles received £100,000 for marrying the French princess
o France agreed to assist in funding the Mansfeld Expedition
o Buckingham promised to repeal the Recusancy Laws
o Secret promises were made to protect Catholics in England and that
Buckingham would offer support of the Royal Navy to France.


 Parliament only grants Charles custom duties for one year, not for life, but voted two
subsidies for war.
 This was because they were worried about Buckingham’s power over the King and
Charles’ personality.
 This break with convention angered Charles, as previous monarchs had been given
Tonnage and Poundage for life.

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