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Aqa as level 2023 economics paper 1
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Define Relative Atomic Mass (Ar) [1] the average mass of an element÷ 1/12th the mass of a C12 atom Define Relative Molecular/Formula Mass (Mr) [1] Average mass of one molecule ÷ 1/12th the mass of a C12 atom What is meant by the Avogadro constant? [1] The number of atoms in 12g of carbon. Give...

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  • September 3, 2023
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  • 2023/2024
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Eng2613 assignment 4 questions and answers

The main structure of the plasma membrane is called the phospholipid bilayer
____ are thin, microscopic projections extending from the surface of the plasma membrane.
They are smaller than cells microvilli
Identify the parts of a cell Identify the parts of a cell
Which statements characterize organelles? They are generally located within cells; Each type
of organelle has a specific function, They play roles in growth, repair, and cellular maintenance
Gap junctions are bridge by proteins called connexons
The Na-K exchange pump is a special type of ion pump called an ____ pump because it moves
one type of ion into a cell ____ its concentration gradient and another type of ion out of the cell
____ its concentration gradient. exchange, against, against
Forms of passive transport across cell membranes are diffusion and osmosis
Put the steps of transcription into order: elongation (RNA polymerase forms an RNA copy of the
gene), initiation (DNA is unwound and RNA polymerase attaches to the promoter of the gene),
and termination (the RNA strand is released from the DNA strand).initiation (DNA is unwound
and RNA polymerase attaches to the promoter of the gene), elongation (RNA polymerase forms
an RNA copy of the gene) , and termination (the RNA strand is released from the DNA strand).
Identify the structures of the nucleus Identify the structure of the nucleus
The inside of the cell is relatively more ____ than the outside of the cell. negative
The ____ is the "control center" of cellular activities in a cell nucleus
In the cell cycle, division of the nucleus is called mitosis
In cell division, one cell divides to produce two identical cells. These new cells are called ____
cells. daughter
A resting membrane potential is essential in the normal function of ____ cells. muscle and
nerve
Chromatin is composed of ____. DNA and proteins
Transport (shuttle) vesicles are produced within a cell by rough ER
The ____ gradient is dependent on the combination of the ____ gradient and the chemical
concentration gradient. electrochemical, electric
Which are common cell shapes? column-like, cube-like, spherical
Match the non-membrane-bound organelles with their function. Match the non-membrane-
bound organelles with their function.
____ cells include all of the cells in the body except sex cells somatic
Cells similar in structure and function are arranged into structural units called ____ tissues
Which statements correctly describes the nuclear envelope? It is continuous with the ER, It is a
double membrane, It controls the entry of substance into and out of the nucleus, It contains
phospholipids
Osmosis if a type of ____ passive transport
Rapid digestion of a cell by its own lysosomes is called ____. autolysis
____ is the cell division that takes place in somatic cells mitosis
Which statements describe chromosomes? They are more condensed than chromatin, They
contain DNA and proteins
____ are protein-digesting organelles in the nucleus and cytosol of cells proteasomes

, Which type of microscope moves an electron beam over the surface of a specimen?
scanning electron microscope (SEM)
Which are required for translation? tRNA, ribosomes, mRNA, and amino acids
a finely filamented mass of DNA and protein chromatin
become visible only when the cell is dividing chromosomes
DNA double helix wound around a cluster of histones nucleosome
the nucleus is enclosed by a double membrane structure called the ____ ____. nuclear
envelope
The ____ is a general term for all cellular contents between the plasma membrane and the
nucleus. cytoplasm
In mitosis, describe anaphase anaphase is...
In mitosis, describe telophase telophase is...
In mitosis, describe metaphase metaphase is....
Which statements characterize telophase? It is the last phase of mitosis, Is processes are the
reverse of prophase, It directly follows anaphase
K+ movement out of the cell is facilitated by its ____ ____ gradient but opposed by the ____
gradient chemical concentration, electrical
Sodium diffusion into cells occurs ____ to the loss of K+ simultaneously
The process by which a DNA gene is copied into RNA is called ____. transcription
stage of transcription where DNA is unwound and RNA polymerase attaches to the start o the
gene initiation
RNA polymerase copies the DNA gene to make an RNA copy elongation
The newly formed RNA strand is released from the DNA strand termination
The ____ membrane is also called the cell membrane plasma
The organelle that has a double membrane, its own small piece of DNA, and synthesizes ATP is
the ____. mitochondrion
Intestinal cells are joined by what type of membrane junction in order to prevent digestive juices
from moving between and damaging adjacent cells? tight junctions
The 'coating of sugar" on the cell's surface is called the ____. glycocalyx
Put the steps of translation into the proper order: Anticodons and codons are paired; amino acids
are joined...Ribosomal subunits separate releasing the protein...Protein synthesis begins with the
amino acid methionine...A stop codon is red...Ribosomal subunits bind the mRNA and tRNA.
Ribosomal subunits bind the mRNA and a tRNA, Protein synthesis begins with the amino
acid methionine, Anticodons and codons are paired; amino acids are joined, A stop codon is
read, Ribosomal subunits separate releasing the protein
During translation, the ____ site is where the new amino acid joins the ribosome, the ____ site is
where the new polypeptide is forming and the ____ site is from where the tRNA exits. A
(aminoacyl), P (peptidyl), and E (exit)
The cell structure that functions as a 'gatekeeper' to regulate the passage of gases, nutrients, and
wastes between the internal and external environments is the ____. plasma membrane
The relative distributions of K, which is more concentrated inside the cell and Na, which is more
concentrated outside the cell are the result o the activity of the ____. Na/K pump
The solution outside the cell has a higher concentration of solutes than the cytosol - What is its
tonicity? hypertonic
The cytosol and solution outside the cell have the same concentration of solutes - What is its
tonicity? Isotonic

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