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Unit 1 - Topic 1 Biological Compound £6.48   Add to cart
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Unit 1 - Topic 1 Biological Compound
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The document you provided covers a range of topics related to biological compounds, focusing on ions, water, carbohydrates, lipids, and amino acids. It offers a detailed and informative exploration of these fundamental components in biological systems. Here's an in-depth description of the content ...

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  • October 25, 2023
  • 9
  • 2023/2024
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Unit 1 - Topic 1
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Updated @October 25, 2023 11:00 AM



Biological Compounds
Ions
Inorganic ions - A molecule or ion that has no more than one carbon atom.
Organic ions - Molecules that have a high proportion of carbon and hydrogen
atoms.

Carbohydrates —> Organic



Ions Use in animals Use in plants

Magnesium ( Used in mammals - health
Part of chlorophyll for photosynthesis
Mg 2 +) bones

Needed for haemoglobin
Iron (F e2 +)
to carry oxygen

Strengthening bones and
Calcium (Ca2 +) Plant cell walls
teeth




Unit 1 - Topic 1 1

, Phosphate ( Needed for plasma Used for making nucleotides e.g ATP or
P O43 −)
​ membranes nucleic acid



Water
Water is a polar molecule; the oxygen end of the molecule has a negative charge the
hydrogen atoms have a positive charge. This uneven distribution of charge is called
a dipole.




When 2 water molecules are in close contact, the opposing charges attract each
other forming a hydrogen bond. Individually, hydrogen bonds are weak, but many
hydrogen bonds (between many water molecules) form a lattice-like framework
which is much stronger. This attraction between water molecules is called cohesion



Key terms
Dipole - A polar molecule which has a positive and negative charge.

Hydrogen bond - weak attractive force between a hydrogen atom (slight positive
charge) and an atom with a partially negative charge, usually nitrogen or oxygen



Properties of water and their functions:
1. Water is a solvent - polar molecule and ions can dissolve in water. Non polar e.g
lipids can not dissolve in water.




Unit 1 - Topic 1 2

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