PHILOSOPHY 335 Athabasca Final (A+ GUARANTEED)

What is an empirical statement? correct answers Based on objective data (can be measured). for example: saying "in 2001 there were apprx 15000 children under the age of 16 in NSW who had an imprisoned parent" is an empirical statement What is a normative statement? correct answers a normative statement is an educated opinion based on theory. for example: "the government should provide basic healthcare to all citizens" is a normative statement what is act utilitarianism: correct answers Total positive effect on those involved - total negative effect of those involved = most positive outcome is the most ethical decision. What does act utilitarianism not address? correct answers inherently wrong actions, things that no matter how beneficial are to heinous to excuse. (ie: testing on humans) What is rule utilitarianism? correct answers everyone follows a set of rules, describing what kinds of acts are morally acceptable. Like a code of ethics. The flaw with this is that everyone must follow the rules for it to work. What are Kant's Deontological Ethics? correct answers Above all, treat people with dignity and respect. The flaw with this is that it does not include the treatment of animals What are Aristotle's Virtue ethics? correct answers Be a virtuous person by doing virtuous things. The flaw with this is : who gets to decide what is virtuous? What are feminist ethics? correct answers believe that all ethical dilemmas are swayable depending on context. But some things are wrong regardless of context. Look with interpersonal lens (not individualistically good, but how it will effect others). What are the basic characteristics of the libertarian health care system correct answers "health is a commodity and the marketplace determines its availability and distribution. Freedom to produce, offer and purchase healthcare" (Stingl). Individuals are treated equally by the state that only guarantees NON-INTERFERENCE. what is the modified egalitarian model? correct answers Balance between freedom and equality. For example everyone gets basic healthcare but then they can also pay for additional healthcare (think Canada's healthcare system) What are some benefits of the modified egalitarian model rather than the libertarian model? correct answers 1. no one without basic access to healthcare 2. limited bureaucracy, few steps between doctor treating patient and then being reimbursed for their services 3. no one uninsured 4. doctors get tremendous amount of professional autonomy