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GPHC Pre-registration Exam - Complete Infection High Weighted Revision Guide £24.99
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GPHC Pre-registration Exam - Complete Infection High Weighted Revision Guide

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The document is my own notes that I have taken in order to pass the Mpharm pre-registration exam whilst I was a trainee pharmacist. I used these Infections notes extensively in preparation for the exam for which I passed 117/119 in the clinical topic. These notes cover: - Doses - Caution...

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  • January 13, 2024
  • 60
  • 2023/2024
  • Other
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Infection
Common Areas Tested in the GPHC Exam
Sepsis

BNF updates

Doses

Side effect

Causative Organisms

Interactions

Rashes (paediatric big topic)

Cautionary Labels

Narrow therapeutic drugs



Before Choosing Abx
What are the 3 factors to consider before prescribing?

Patient

Causative organism

Risk of resistance with repeated courses

What are the patient factors?

Allergy

Renal & hepatic function

Susceptibility to infection

Ability to tolerate drug by mouth

Severity of illness

Ethnic origin



Infection 1

, Age, other medication? female? pregnant? bf?

Oral contraceptives?

What is a superinfection?

Infection on top of another infection

Broad spectrum = more likely to be associated with ADR = antibiotic-
associated colitis (AAC)



Broad vs Narrow Spectrum Abx
Examples of Broad spectrum ABX?

Aminoglycosides

Ampicillin

Amoxicillin

Carbapenems

Cephalosporins

Chloramphenicol

Macrolides

Quinolones

Tetracyclines

Examples of narrow spectrum Abx? & memory trick?

Mnemonic = narrow TV & PC

Teicoplanin (G+ve bactericidal activity vs aerobic & anaerobic bacteria)

Vancomycin (G+ve bactericidal activity vs aerobic & anaerobic bacteria)

Penicillin G (benzylpenicillin) - G+ve)

Clindamycin (G+ve anaerobic)



Sepsis & Septicaemia
Difference between sepsis & septicaemia?




Infection 2

, Sepsis = life threatening emergency - body’s reaction to severe infection -
affects the whole body (multi-organ infection)

Septicaemia = infection of the blood (causes = bacteria, fungi, virus)

Septicaemia can lead to = sepsis

What are the symptoms of sepsis ADULTS? memory trick?

SEPSIS = mnemonic

Shivering - fever or cold

Extreme pain or disomfort

Pale - discoloured skin

Sleepy - lethargic

“I - feel like I might die”

Shortness of breath

What are the signs of SEPSIS CHILDREN & BABIES?

Very high or low temp (feels hot or cold to touch)

No urine = last 12 hours

Breathing fast (breathlessness - SOB)

Non blanching rash - like meningitis (doesn’t disappear when glass
applied)

Vomiting

Blue/pale skin or lips

Babies (high pitch cry & lethargic)



Community acquired Sepsis - what is the treatment ?

Either:

Broad-spectrum antipseduomonal penicillin - TAZOCIN (peperacillin with
tazobactam)

Broad-spectrum cephalosporin - Cefuroxime

Hospital acquired Sepsis - what is the treatment ?

Any of the following broad spectrum antipseudomonal beta-lactam antibacterials:



Infection 3

, TAZOCIN (peperacillin with tazobactam)

Cefatazidime

Imipenem with cilastatin

Meropenem

What can be added if MRSA is suspected?

Either:

Vancomycin

Teicoplanin

What can be added with an anaerobic infection is suspected?

Metronidazole - to the broad spectrum cephalosporin

What is the treatment in community/hospital setting if meningococcal disease
is suspected?

Broad spectrum Abx - MAX dose (ideally within 1 hour) = reduce risk of
severe illness or death

IV Benzylpenicillin = community setting

IV Ceftriaxone = hospital

Monitor high risk pts = regularly, no less than every 30 minutes



What are some notifiable disease? give examples?

All in the BNF

Disease where there could = public health risk - tell local authority or health
protection

Anthrax

Botulism

Cholera

COVID-19

Infectious blood diarrhoea

Diphtheria




Infection 4

, Encephalitis

Food poisoning

Haemolytic uraemia syndrome (HUS)

Haemorrhagic fever

Hepatitis

Leprosy

Malaria

Measles

Meningitis, Meningococcal septicaemia

Mumps

Parathyroid fever

Plague

Rabies

Rubella

SARS

Small pox

Scarlet fever

Tetanus

Tuberculosis

Whooping cough

Yellow fever



Food interactions & Important Labels
Which Abx need to be taken before food/empty stomach? (what label?)
(MEMORY T)
MEMORY TRICK = DROP FAT (label = 22/23)

Demeclocycline

Rifampicin



Infection 5

, Oxtetracyline

Phenoxymethylpenicllin

Flucloxacillin/Fosfomycin

Ampicillin

Tetracycline

Which Abx need to be taken with food? label?

Marvins Nice Pizza - Label 21 (take with or just after food/meal)

Metronidazole

Nitrofurantoin

Pivmecillinam

Which Abx can be taken with Milk? (memory trick)

Dox Like Milk (label 6)

Doxycycline

Lymecycline

Minocycline

Which Abx need to avoid milk? (memory trick)
C.D(e)OT (label 7)

Ciprofloxacin

Demeclocycline

Oxytetracycline

Tetracycline

What do the labels mean? (5,6,7,22,23)

5

do not take indigestion remedies 2 hours before or after you take this
medicine

Enteric coated tablets & gabapentin

6




Infection 6

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