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  2.  
  3. PEARSON (PEARSON)
  4.  
  5. Biology 2008
  6.  
  7. Unit 1 - Lifestyle, Transport, Genes and Health

Lecture notes

Carbohydrates, Lipids and risk factors
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Describes the structure of carbohydrates and lips including the reactions and bonding types. Includes functions of certain disaccharides and polysaccharides. Descriptions of saturated and unsaturated lipids. All with useful diagrams and tables. All labelled n highlighted key terms .

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  • January 22, 2024
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  • 2023/2024
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Carbohydrates
↳
Organic molecules with
general formula
:
Cm(H20)n
↳
Sugar + Starch
:
↳
Sugars come under monosaccride ,
disaccaride or polysaccharides

1 -I 11
-




- I
-




HO + Y
IH
8 -
HOOH
I HO-
- -OH
-




Monosaccharide Monosaccharide i Y
condensation
reaction
Disaccaride




HO-
-- I
~
8- O- - -




Polysaccharide .




Monosaccharides
↳ General formula (CH2O)n
↳ Commonly have 6 carbons in their structure =
hexcose
sugar
3 Little is needed
change to get energy via respiration

CH2OH CH2OH
I

-I
O -g CH2OH
- X'tI
-
H HO OH O
H
I it &C
I
ooh-
-



t C H i Y- > & H OH C

↑-
OH
12
H
I I

CHOH
H

I d
OH H HO C C

H H
Oh
o it
Glucose Galactose fructose


Disaccharides
↳ 2 monosaccharides
join
↳
Condensation reaction

↳
Glycosidic bond is made

↳ The
example here is a 1-4 bond in the
glycosidic making of maltose




It A-
CH2Olt

9- It
9It
- 128H
-&

- - -H H H
H
↓
-T I H
-
&OH
H *
Oh
t -
on
-



I
oh Oh
-




condensation
-
> &
-&-
-




OH
H
-& -
-




dit
OH - OH g

H it OI it
Monosaccharide Monosaccharide
>
1-

Disacca
Disaccharides

Disaccharide Monosaccharide function

Sucrose Glucose + Common form
Fructose for transport in

plants

Maltose Glucose t
Formed in the
Glucose break down of

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