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About Crime and the Law

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This is the beginning of Unit 2 before getting into the theories. This includes the defintions of crime and the types of formal sanctions. There are examples on how crime is a social construction by saying what acts are legal in some places and illegal in others, with reasons why. It also explains ...

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  • February 27, 2024
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CRIMINALITY
Criminological Theories

,DEVIANCE
Deviance – behaviour that goes against the dominant social norms of a
society.
Forms of Deviance –
 Behaviour that is unusual and good.
 Behaviour that is unusual and eccentric or bizarre.
 Behaviour that is unusal and bad or disapproved of.

Values – the general principles for how we should live our lives. They tell
use what is acceptable and unacceptable.
Norms – expected ways of behaving in a given situation.
Moral Codes/mores – when social norms are written down e.g the police
have a moral code.
Social Control – ways in which society seeks to control our behaviour and
ensure that we confrom to its normans and behave as others expect us to
do.

, SANCTIONS
Informal Sanctions
 The rules are not formally written down.
 When someone breaks these rules, others show their dissaproval.
 E.g not speaking to someone or telling someone off.

Formal Sanctions
 These are imposed by official bodies such as police, courts and schools.
 They are punishments for breaking formal written rules or laws.
 E.g fining offenders or exluding a student.

Positive Sanctions
 These are rewards for behaviour that society approves.
 E.g praise or medals.

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