Lecture notes

These are the complete notes for concepts and regimes in Irish Government

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Module
SP1120 (SP1124)

Institution
University Of Galway

Book
Comparative Government And Politics

In relation to the Government of Ireland, These are the first set of notes needed to pass the exam. It includes the very first topic: Concepts and Regime Types. This is everything you need to know and includes many quotes from famous artists in Politics and Government. These notes were written from...

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Uploaded on March 5, 2024
Number of pages 5
Written in 2023/2024
Type Lecture notes
Professor(s) Ms. jenkins
Contains Topic 1: concepts and regimes

aristotle quotes
hobbs
government
ireland
1st year
politics
concepts
regimes
class notes
complete notes

Book Title:Comparative Government And Politics

Author(s):Rod Hague, Martin Harrop

Edition:Unknown
ISBN:9780230006379
Edition:Unknown

Lecture notes
Lecture notes Introduction to Contemporary Democracy (PO1ICD) Comparative Government And Politics

Institution
University Of Galway
Module
SP1120 (SP1124)

£4.72

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'Man is by nature a social being'- Aristotle
 Human beings are social beings- We lie and work together
 Within all Human groups there are diverse, Competing and conflicting
interests and values
 All groups exist in a context of scarce resources(Material and non-
material)
 Politics arises because we need to make decisions about how to live
together in the face of diverse interests and in the context where not all
interests can be achieved(scarcity)

Politics as a process
 Much more than the art of Government
 It's also the 'Process of who gets what when and how'- Lasswell 1936
 'The activity through which people make, preserve and amend the
General rule under which they Live'-Heywood 2007
 The 'Process by which society makes decisions or evolves policies'- Rush
2014
 ' All the Activities of co-operation and conflict whereby the Human
species goes about organising the use, production and distribution of
Human, natural and other resources' Leftwich 1984
 It takes place in all Human societies
 Wherever groups of people are they need to make decisions about social
order, the rules of the society and about who gets what
 Decision making can be co-operative but other times it can be conflictual
 Once a decision has been made it becomes a policy for the group,
Binding them, Even if some of them continue to resist

Politics as Power
 Politics is at work in all social activities and it concerns the production
and distribution of resources
 Politics is the exercise of Power
 Power is closely related to the ownership and control of these scarce
resources. It may be in the hands of a select few or more widely
distributed.
 Some individual or Groups will have more or less power in determining
who gets what and when.
 Small Groups of people can reach collective decisions without any
special procedures

,  However towns and cities must develop institutions for making and
enforcing collective decisions

Hobbs and the need for Government
 In his treatise, Leviathan, he argued that without order humans would
exist in a state of nature, of 'Every man against man' resulting in a nasty
life
 He said everyone must give obedience to a sovereign Authority to
ensure order and peace
 The Government then should facilitate collective decisions and provide
security for all
 Dangers of Government would be abuse of Authority

Politics, Government and Governance
 Political system refers to all the different parts that makeup the political
life of a state or community
 Government is the heart of a political system. It refers to the institutions
and processes through which societies are governed
 Government is comprised of all those institutions endowed with public
authority and making decisions for a community
Their Institutions:

 While we think Government is the central figure of governance of a state
in many contexts it is not the only one
Governance is:
1. 'The exercise of Power and decision making by a group of people.

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