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SGT 111 Fuller Chapter 22: General Surgery: Abdominal Wall and the Repair of Hernias

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transverse plane
sagittal plane
frontal coronal plane
distal
proximal
ipsilatera
contralateral
sgt 111 fuller chapter 22 general surgery abdomi

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SGT 111 Fuller Chapter 22: General
Surgery: Abdominal Wall and the Repair
of Hernias
transverse plane - Answer- -horizontal division of the body into upper and lower
portions
-Superior= above; toward head; upper half
-Inferior= below; away from head; lower half

sagittal plane - Answer- -divides body into left and right
-Areas closer to the midline are called medial
-Areas moving away from midline are lateral

frontal (coronal) plane - Answer- -divides the body into anterior and posterior parts
-Anterior = front (ventral)
-Posterior = back (dorsal)

distal - Answer- Farther from the trunk of the body

proximal - Answer- Nearer to the trunk of the body

Ipsilateral - Answer- same sides of the body

contralateral - Answer- opposite sides of the body

right upper quadrant - Answer- Liver, Gallbladder, Portion of Colon, Portions of small
intestine

left upper quadrant - Answer- Stomach, Pancreas, Spleen, Colon, Portions of small
intestines, kidney, adrenal glands, Descending aorta, Ureters

right lower quadrant - Answer- Appendix, Right Ureter, Right Ovary, Fallopian tube
and ascending colon

left lower quadrant - Answer- Left Kidney, Left ureter, Left Ovary, Fallopian tube,
Descending colon, Sigmoid colon,

tissues of abdominal wall deep to superficial - Answer- abdominal peritoneum,
muscles, fascia, subcutaneous (fat), skin (subcuticular)

abdominal peritonium - Answer- 0-PDS or Prolene on large needle (CT, CT-1, TP)

, muscles - Answer- 2-0 or 3-0 Vicryl (CT, CT-1)

fascia usually w/ peritoneum - Answer- 0 or 2-0 Vicryl, Prolene (CT, CT-1)

subcutaneous (fat) - Answer- 3-0 Vicryl (SH, CT-1)

skin (subcuticular) - Answer- 3-0 or 4-0 Vicryl or Monocryl, Staples

upper midline incision - Answer- allows access to lower esophagus, stomach, small
intestine, liver Biliary system, spleen, pancreas, proximal colon

sub-costal kocher incision - Answer- allows access to gallbladder, liver, biliary system,
spleen

McBurney incision - Answer- allows access to appendix

Pfannenstiel incision - Answer- allows access to uterus, adnexa, bladder, c-section

lower midline incision - Answer- allows access to sigmoid colon

Inguinal oblique incision - Answer- allows access to muscles and facia of the inguinal
abdominal wall

hernia - Answer- protrusion of an organ or fascia through the wall of a cavity that
normally contains it

indirect hernia - Answer- -where the peritoneal sac enters the inguinal canal through
the deep inguinal ring
-Herniated tissue may extend through the superficial (external) ring in the spermatic
cord into the scrotum or labia.
-Usually from congenital weakness in the inguinal canal.

direct hernia - Answer- -where the peritoneal sac enters the inguinal canal though the
posterior wall of the inguinal canal
-defect in inguinal floor
-Protrusion of abdominal or inguinal tissue directly through the transversalis fascia.
-Usually in older men.
-acquired, usually in adulthood, due to weakening in the abdominal musculature
-located in Hesselbach triangle

muscle layers - Answer- rectus abdominal, external oblique, internal oblique,
tranversus abdominus

femoral hernia - Answer- -Arising from a weakness in the transversalis fascia below
the inguinal ligament.
-Occurs mostly in women and may require surgery to prevent tissue incarceration

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Exam (elaborations) ·

Exam (elaborations)

SGT 111 Fuller Chapter 22: General Surgery: Abdominal Wall and the Repair of Hernias

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