Biology 1201 Exam 3 with Certified
Solutions
One gene-one enzyme hypothesis (figure 17.2) genes code for enzymes
Flow of information from DNA to RNA to protein (figure 17.3 and 17.4) DNA ---
[transcription]---> mRNA ---[translation]---> Poypeptide
RNA structure versus DNA structu...
Biology 1201 Exam 3 with Certified Solutions One gene -one enzyme hypothesis (figure 17.2) ✔✔genes code for enzymes Flow of inf ormation from DNA to RNA to protein (figure 17.3 and 17.4) ✔✔DNA ---
[transcription] ---> mRNA ---[translation] ---> Poypeptide RNA structure versus DNA structure (figure 5.26) ✔✔deoxyribose is replaced by the 5 carbon sugar, ribose in DNA, the pyrimidines a re C and T in RNA, the pyrimidines are C and U; in RNA, U pairs with A Transcription, RNA polymerase, DNA to RNA base pairing (figure 17.4) ✔✔transcription: initiation, elongation, termination Introns versus exons (figure 17.9 and 17.10) ✔✔introns: enzymatic removal of non -coding regions exons: RNA to be translated Structure of a messenger RNA (figure 17.9) ✔✔transcription, RNA processing Translation, four bases to 20 amino acids, codon, and g enetic code (figure 17.5) ✔✔translation: mRNA, tRNA mRNA, rRNA, tRNA (figure 17.14 and 17.15) ✔✔mRNA - messenger RNA rRNA - ribosomal RNA tRNA - transfer RNA Components of translation; three steps in translation, initiation, elongation, and termination (figure 17.16 -17.19) ✔✔initiation - ribosome binds to mRNA, processes 5' to 3' elongation - proper tRNA's align with codons on mRNA, amino acids form are added to growing polypeptide by peptide bond termination - stop codon reached, polypeptide synthesis stops, r ibosome releases mRNA Insertion of protein into the ER (figure 17.21) ✔✔
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