A complete summarised group of documents complete for GCSE Chemistry AQA 9-1. To make these Summaries I used 3 sources: The CGP revision guide, My GCSE Science Videos and Free science lessons videos. I achieved a 9 in GCSE AQA Triple Chemistry.
Atomic Structure and the Periodic
Table C1
Atoms
radius of 0.1 nanometres (1000x times smaller than a micro metre)
Proton is positive has a RAM of 1
Neutron has no charge and has a RAM of 1
Electron is negative has a RAM of virtually 0
whole mass concentrated in nucleus
volume of electron’s orbit determines the size of atom
number of protons = number of electrons
Elements and Isotopes
number of protons in nucleus decides what kind of atom it is
ISOTOPES- same element with different number of neutrons
RAM is an average mass taking into account different masses and abundances of all the isotopes
Compounds
Substances formed from two or more elements
Making bonds involves atoms giving away, taking or sharing electrons
METAL ATOMS LOSE ELECTRONS AND BECOME POSITIVE IONS
NON-METALS GAIN ELECTRONS AND BECOME NEGATIVE IONS
Non-Metal and Non-metal bonding is called Covalent bonding-
SHARE ELECTRONS
Non-metal and metal bonding is IONIC BONDING- TRANSFER
ELECTRONS
Properties of compounds are totally different from original
elements
Mixtures
Mixtures are easily separated by physical methods
Mixtures have no chemical bond
Mixtures: air, crude oil, milk, seawater etc
Chromatography
Used to separate dyes and ink
1. Draw a pencil line near the bottom of a sheet of filter paper
2. Add a spot of ink to the line and place the sheet in a beaker of solvent (water) {other
solvents can be used but it depends on what is being tested, EG ethanol}
3. Make sure the ink isn’t touching the solvent
4. Put a lid to stop evaporation
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Ysaaa. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for £2.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
