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RELG 2650 - Midterm Exam Questions With Complete Solutions Bioethics The application of principles, rules, and values to science, medicine, and health care, whether directly or through public policies. Kelly, Magill, & Have's argument about the influence of religious traditions in the develo...

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  • June 30, 2024
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  • 2023/2024
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RELG 2650 - Midterm Exam Questions With
Complete Solutions

Bioethics
The application of principles, rules, and values to science, medicine, and health care,
whether directly or through public policies.
Kelly, Magill, & Have's argument about the influence of religious traditions in the
development of modern bioethics.
Catholics adopted a natural law approach to morality, claiming that moral judgements
were based on reason --> applicable to all humans. Jewish scholars based moral claims
in significant measure on rabbinic interpretations of scripture.
Mathewes' being moral and acting morally
Being moral: who you are; acting morally: what you do
Consequentialist theories
Begin from reflection on the consequences of actions, either considered as individual
actions with distinct sets of consequences of actions, or as types of actions with typical
sorts of consequences (utilitarianism).
Deontological theories
Concerned with the sort of absolute laws or rules that the agent must obey (Golden
Rule).
Virtue theories
Focus on the kind of character that our actions become habits (Aristotle's
"excellences").
Casuistry
Refers to the use of case comparison and analogy to reach moral conclusions. B&C
refer to this as "reflective equilibrium".
Temporality
Charon's argument: taking stock of passage of time through narrative. Marking passage
of time allows for meaning-making in our lives.

, Singularity
Distinction between the singular and the universal in science, especially given
research's concern for reproducing results. "Don't treat me like a number".
Causality/Contingency
In a narrative, a plot helps us to make sense of the relationships among events.
Emplotment is more than an act of observation, it is one of interpretation.
Intersubjectivity
The situation that occurs when two subjects meet. "Like medicine, narrative situations
always join one human being with another".
Ethicality
Storytelling makes an ethical claim upon all participants in a conversation. "The receiver
of another's narratives owes something to the teller by virtue, now, of knowing it"
(Charon 55).
Charon's relationship between knowledge and responsibility
Replacing Husserl's problem of knowledge and Heidegger's problem of being, Lévinas
proposes the problem of ethics as primary, transforming philosophy into an enterprise
committed to intersubjective human responsibility. Charon's claim: Knowledge contains,
in itself, a call to action/practice.
Kelly, Magill, & Have's theological basis for the Catholic ethical claim for the
dignity of the human person
Creation and redemption: "It was God's original purpose to create the human person
with a special status within creation... we were found to need a savior, a redeemer to
restore us to God's grace and favor. Thus God decided to send Jesus as savior, to
return to us the capacity of life according to God's original design."
Meilander on community and freedom and finitude
In baptism we are handed over to God and become members of the Body of Christ. Our
individuality is not a personal achievement or power, and it is established only in
community with God. Finite beings, created from the dust of the ground. We are also
free spirits, moved by the life-giving Spirit of God. The person is the place where
freedom and finitude are united.
Judaism's 3 fundamental beliefs concerning health care

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