Summary
Summary - Unit 16 - Kinetics II
- Module
- Unit 16 - Kinetics II
- Institution
- PEARSON (PEARSON)
In-depth complete topic summary revision.
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
Content preview
KINETICS #ZERO ORDER FIRST ORDER SECOND ORDER
cond-time find gradient > .
rate-conc graph
-
;
aircase
↑
↑I
graph ↓
of reaction
+ find
↳
rate
↳
-
half life :
constant
half life : decreases E
E
E
h= y-intercept
E n= gradient
i
I
- - - -
proportional
--I
-
-
gradient is constant
i
rate doesn't change
·
-
- - -
-
1 as conc .
changes
- - - -
most m
goa ,
>
-
2
>
-
I
3 O -
=I 3
100
----
ist S
3 S
(A) Mol du3 30 90 S
t1 tz Sos
SOS
tz 60s
=
1 ty 30s
= =
=
t 100s +2 So
=
u [A]o = 1 the is constant for Ist order rate = [A] ra
rate
= =
= ↑ [A] -z increases for 2nd order
direcny
half life It) -
time taken for half of the reactant to be used up I s proportional
4 tx2 rate x2
↳ Ax> rate x 3
Ut ratet
↑
RATE = ELA] "[B]" CLOCK EXPERIMENTS
I colorimemy can also be used)
& ↳estimate of inital rate of reaction
only fixed at a
temperature
particular
ASSUMPTIONS : RATE DETERMIN
·
constant temperature
·
cone doesn't change significantly -
#
Mreacts with N to Make O M + N - 28 ·
reaction hasn't proceeded to far
Initial[M]
when the end point is see CoClag) +
Initial IN] Initial rate
Experiment
(Mol cm-3) (Mol dn -3) (mol cm -3s-1)
20 0 1 .
0 2
. O 15
.
IODINE CLOCK REACTION
21 racts
nSocn3](
witthe
0 .
3 02
. 1 35
.
sodium
no more
k =
2 0 4 . 0 3
. . 40
2 thiosulfate
- [blue-black]
b
H202lag) + 2 H+ laq + 21 lay) >
-
2420111 +
12 (99)
[M] [MJ + x3 zed D
I
+ X3 order *
not exp 10 , 21 rate -
stays the ----------
[N] [NJAX1 S rale same O
and im thiosulfateamedicator
wet eXP 21 order
:
21 ,
instantly -
reacts With le product uc -
Co -
() + g
H
rate n[M] 2503" Tag)
(On) CH3
=
+ 12(a) > 21 (99) +
540gaa HsC C
+
-
-1
-an-3s
- -
=as
#xto
>
man >Mdc-
=
1
time taken for
=
mol-1drg- become visible HzC = Clon) -
CHy
OR
"an"st
U2IC-cOION-en
:
Is Mol -
iodine]
-
-
very conc. Of and car
-
vary conc . of H202
time taken for colour
change
RATE DETERM
EVIDENCE FOR SN1 AND SN reachants
lar catalysts
in RDS =
appear in
equati
from
so must
rate e
Ra
I
R Ri #
Mustbe
H C Br Rc Rz
-Y B-
-
4 Br
-
-
-
-
↓ U R3 D
primary secondary tertiary overall
halogeno alone halogenolone halogenvaluate
:
A + B
equation
SN1
NCLEOPHILIC SUBSTITUTION- SN2 -
>
YY 1) NO NO
-u-n-cen
+
SN1-one molecule/ion in RDS
i . ↳ multiple steps 2) N202 +
#
on in SN two molecules lions in RDS rate =
n
↳ only one step
:on R-X + NaOH > ROM -
+ NaX
(CHylz(Br + OH >
-- (
can occur
via two rech
(nyls(Br + On - (CH
-
O
Rate
nBr]( Rate 1 (Br]
[((43) [Br
=
=
RDs > (13)s(
>
-
S - 2) ((n> /z( + + on >
-
1C3
SN ? MECHANISM SNE MECHANISM rate equation =
n[ICUs
ved ats)y(on
which mechanism is m
#+
RDS
OU CHzCHzON Br
-
+
CHzCHzBr >
- +
(Br + Br
M
CH3 Cus
- -
n4
-
1) , = n + BB
I
ins
↓+
L
CU3 CUS
I I
:On 2) Myc- CY
>
-
13) - C -OU
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller megan555lewis. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for £4.46. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
52507 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy revision notes and other study material for 14 years now