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AACVRP Test Questions & Answers 2024/2025
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AACVRP Test Questions & Answers 2024/2025 polyphenols - ANSWERSantioxidants flavonoids are most abundant polyphenols in our diet Phytosterols - ANSWERSNaturally occurring sterols found in plants. Phytosterols lower LDL cholesterol levels by competing with cholesterol for absorption in the...

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  • August 2, 2024
  • 68
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
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  • aacvrp test questions answers

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AACVRP Test Questions & Answers
2024/2025

polyphenols - ANSWERSantioxidants

flavonoids are most abundant polyphenols in our diet



Phytosterols - ANSWERSNaturally occurring sterols found in plants. Phytosterols lower LDL cholesterol
levels by competing with cholesterol for absorption in the intestinal tract.

Sterols added to milk, margarine, orange juice, olive oil, cheese, bread



fruits and vegetable - ANSWERSimprove lipids, inflammation, and endothelial function



nuts - ANSWERShigh in fat and protein (10-30%)

monounsaturated fats and polyunsaturated fat good for reducing CVD

reduces TC, LDL and apolipoprotein



fish - ANSWERShigh quality protein, PUFA, MUFA

fatty fish = omega 3s

lowers TG and reduce inflammation, improve endothelial function, and limit platelet aggregation



red meat - ANSWERShigher CVD risk and diabetes

high sat fat in non-lean red meat



white meat - ANSWERSlower cholesterol



processed meats - ANSWERShigh sodium and sat fat

preservatives, nitrates

,dairy - ANSWERScalcium, high quality protein, linoleic acid, vitamins, nutrients

lower lipids and improve endothelial function



non fat dairy - ANSWERSno SF or cholesterol and lower in cals = keep benefits of dairy while taking away
risk of CVD



diet for hypertension - ANSWERSlower sodium diet

1500 mg vs 1000 mg reduction

DASH diet with lower sodium diet (what patient should eat vs what they shouldn't eat)

taste buds adapt to lower sodium diet



weight loss and HTN - ANSWERSper 22 lbs, SBP decreases by 5-20 mmHg

3-5% weight loss in six months



alcohol and HTN - ANSWERSimmediate effect is vasodilation, but high blood alcohol levels increase BP
short term

women: less than or equal to one drinks per day lowers BP by 2-4 mmHg

men: less than or equal to two drinks per day lowers BP by 2-4 mmHg



caffeine and HTN - ANSWERSacute intake raises BP

higher risk of HTN=more caffeine will increase BP

safe level (200 mg - one dose) will not induce clinically relevant change in BP, MC BF, hydration status,
body temp, perceived exertion with exercise



diabetic diet and glycemic control - ANSWERSmacro proportions individualized

(lower moderate CHO diet is fine)



diabetes and CHO - ANSWERS43-46% of diet

20-40% lowers A1C, BG, 24-h insulin, FBG

HDL increases with low carb diet

,TD decreases with low and mod carb diet -

40-65% (mod carb) lowers A1C

high carb (70%) vegan diet lowers LDL



if patient is on insulin, the amount of CHO in the meal should ______ the dose of insulin -
ANSWERSmatch



healthful choices for CHO and diabetes - ANSWERSwhole grain and high fiber



protein and diabetes - ANSWERSimportant component of every meal

increases insulin response without effecting BG levels

30% of diet without diabetic kidney disease



fat and diabetes - ANSWERShigh fat increases insulin resistance

MUFA/PUFA do no increase IR

reduced fat (sat fat) diet reduced A1C



in patients who take insulin, meals that are high in fat may require _____ insulin than low fat meals -
ANSWERSmore



weight loss and diabetes - ANSWERSMNT(medical nutrition therapy) improves BP, A1C, weight loss, and
lipids



heart failure and sodium - ANSWERSlower sodium recommendation than gen pop

less than 2000 mg and less than 2 L water consumed



optimal treatment for HF - ANSWERSACE inhibitors, diuretics, fluid restriciton

restore intracellular volume and renal blood flow



stage A/B CHF - ANSWERSless than or equal to 1500 mg

, stage C/D CHF - ANSWERSless than 3000 mg



HF and water intake - ANSWERS1.5-2 L per day



if HF is on fluid restriction and sweats profusely - ANSWERSask MD to increase fluid allowance



HF and weight loss - ANSWERSnot prioritized for HF patients



diet patern for HF - ANSWERSDASH, low sodium Mediterraean diet



social cognitive theory and diet - ANSWERSpersonal factors and environment influence each other

model or observed learning (environmental)

grocery tours, healthy food potlucks, etc



social determination theory and diet - ANSWERSreinforcement

positive (measuring foods)

negative (skipping meals, eating out)



education and diet - ANSWERSeducation materials for person who is ready or willing to change



goal setting and diet - ANSWERSSMART goals



self-monitoring and diet - ANSWERSawareness of healthy decisions



problem solving and diet - ANSWERSidentify problem (afternoon snacking) and inquire what behaviors
or steps must the pt make in order to eat candy bar in desk at work and eliminate that step



mindful eating and intuitive eating - ANSWERShelps with overeating

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