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APSC 151 midterm review Questions And Answers
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  • APSC 151

Mechanical Properties ~ Those properties of a material that reveal the elastic and inelastic reaction when force is applied, or that involve the relationship between stress and strain. Some fun properties of gold ~ - High conductivity - Malleable (can be worked into flakes) - resistant to co...

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  • August 5, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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APSC 151 midterm review
Questions And Answers

Uniformitarianism


✓✓✓✓~ the theory that changes in the earth's crust during geological history have resulted
from the action of continuous and uniform processes.




Catastrophism


✓✓✓✓~ the theory that changes in the earth's crust during geological history have resulted
chiefly from sudden violent and unusual events.




Milankovitch Theory


✓✓✓✓~ a theory to explain variations in climate are a result of

1) variation in the shape of Earth's orbit around the sun;


2) changes in the angle of earths axis




relative dating


✓✓✓✓~ events are placed in order without knowing age.

,Law of Superposition


✓✓✓✓~ The geologic principle that states that in horizontal layers of sedimentary rock,
each layer is older than the layer above it and younger than the layer below it.
**OLDER LAYERS ARE LOWER**




Principle of Original Horizontality


✓✓✓✓~ Sediments are originally deposited in flat horizontal layers. (layers with folds have
been disturbed)




principle of cross-cutting relationships


✓✓✓✓~ younger features cut across older features (ex a dyke/fault cutting across sediment
layers)




Lithosphere


✓✓✓✓~ the rigid outer part of the earth, consisting of the crust and upper mantle. Makes up
tectonic plates




Asthenosphere


✓✓✓✓~ plastic solid layer below the lithosphere. Subdivision of the mantle




Mesosphere

, ✓✓✓✓~ Lower part of the mantle between the asthenosphere and the core. more liquidy
than asthenosphere.




Core


✓✓✓✓~ Inner most layer of earth. Liquid outer portion, solid inner portion. composed of
mainly iron and nickel




Expanses of time (4 biggest to smallest)


✓✓✓✓~ 1) Eon

2) Era


3) Period


4) Epoch




Hadeon Eon


✓✓✓✓~ The earliest period in Earth's history (4.5 to 3.8 billion years ago), unstable crust,
no life




Archaen Eon


✓✓✓✓~ 3.8 - 2.5 billion years ago, constant volcanic activity, no continents, atmosphere of
methane, bacteria begin to produce oxygen

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